World War I Era Flashcards
Triple Alliance
Created by Ottoman von Bismark
among Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy because of the fear of France seeking revenge for its defeat
Germany’s 1905 Schlieffen Plan
called for an attack on France through Belgium
resulted in Britain joining the triple Entente in order to protect France
Triple Entente
Britain, France, and Russia alliance
Archduke Ferdinand
killed by serbian nationalist this resulted in WWI
Austria-hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia allied with Serbia and declared war on Austria-hungary
Central Powers
Germany and Austria-hungary and Ottoman empire
The Allies
Japan, Britain, France, and Russia
American isolationism during WWI
The United States declared its neutrality preferring to focus on its own internal affairs
Zimmerman Telegram
secret message sent between Germans suggesting that Mexico might want to join forces and regain the territory it lost to the U.S, was discovered by the U.S and they joined the war siding with the Allies
End of WWI
after brutal battles, trench warfare, a huge casualties, the Central Powers gave up
Women’s suffrage movement
revved up by women filling up positions working in the factories, this experience became a push by women in Britain and the U.S to gain vote
Treaty of Versailles
brought an official end to WWI
France and Britain wanted to cripple Germany economically so it was very severe toward Germany
they were requires to pay war reparations, release territory, and downsize its territory, it also divided Austria-Hungary into separate nations
Wilson’s 14 points
focused on establishing peace and a workable balance of power,
League of Nations
organized by president Wilson
They set out to create the organization to preserve peace and establish humanitarian goals
it failed bc when the nations joined they refused to do so
Bloody Sunday
Moderates marched on the czar’s palace in peaceful protest to encourage him to enact on Enlightenment reforms, but Nicholas felt threatened and orders his troops to fire on the prosecutors
Alexander Kerensky
a provisional government was established, but it wasn’t successful because it shared power with local councils called soviets
Provisional government
affirmed natural rights like equality and religious tolerance but it wanted to continue was against Germany hoping that Russia would secure its borders and become a democracy
Bolsheviks
Soviets rallied behind this socialist party
Vladimir Lenin
Marxist leader of the socialist party
He issued his April These which demanded peace, land for peasants, and power to soviets
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Eventually the Bolsheviks took control of the government and they signed this to stop fighting and it gave up a huge part of western Russia to Germany, so they dropped out of WWI
Mustafa Kemal
led successful military campaigns against the Greek and after overthrew the Ottoman sultan
Ataturk
another name for Mustafa Kemal
became the first president of Turkey,
secularized the Muslim nation, westernized, changed the alphabet from Arabic to Latin, set up a parliamentary system, changed legal code from Islamic to Western, and set Turkey on a path toward Europe instead of the Middle East
World War I Ottoman Empire
made a huge mistake joining the central powers, in peace negotiations it lost most of its land making easier for the Greeks to take over
