Period 2- 600 B.C.E to 600 C.E Flashcards
Mauryan Empire
Founded by Chandragupta Maurya
Wealthy due to Indian merchants trading silk, cotton, and elephants to Mesopotamia & the eastern Roman Empire
Ashoka Maurya
Brought the empire to its height
Most famous for rock and pillar edicts
Were spread throughout Empire to remind people to live virtuous lives (Buddhism) and kept Empire unified
The Gupta dynasty
Discovered by Chandra Gupta II
Gold Age
Developed pi, zero, and decimal system
Religion was Hinduism and reinforced the caste system
Social structure was very rigid
Very patriarchal women were able to own property or participate in rituals
Collapsed from pressure of White Huns
Qin dynasty
Created Great Wall of China
First emperor was Qin Shi Huang
Political philosophy was legalism
Fell after emperors death due to resentment from peasants
Qin Shi Hunag
Re-centralized feudal kingdoms that split apart after Zhou dynasty
Standardized all laws,currencies, weights measures, and systems of writing
Anything that was against him was hurt anyone that was against him was killed
Han dynasty
Liu bang was the first emperor
Established civil service system based on Confucian values
In order to get a position in the government you needed to passed civil service exam
Made important navigation inventions like the rudder and compass
Han Wudi
Greatest emperor of Han dynasty
Strengthened centralized rule
Ended Xiongnu threats by establishing colonies in central Asian stepped
Xiongnu
Nomadic herders
Invaded regions from China to Eastern Europe
Strapies
Provinces
Satrap
Governor
Persians
Built the Great Royal Road to improve transportation and communicatio
Lydians
Came up with the concept of using coined money for trade
Phoenicians
Established powerful naval city-states
Greece
Coastal position aided trade & cultural diffusion by boat
Government monarchy - aristocracy - democracy
Polis
City-state
2 main polis were Athens & Sparta
Polis government
Practice of engaging in debate led to first democracy in Athens
Only free adult males could participate in democracy
Athens
Political, commercial, and cultural center
Sparta
Agricultural and highly militaristic
Pericles
Greece Golden Age
He established democracy, rebuilt Athens, and established Delian League
Delian league
An alliance against aggression from common enemies
Peloponnesian League
Greek city-state
Athen & Sparta started becoming fearful of their increased power
Peloponnesian War
Trade dispute involving city of Corinth forced Athens & Sparta into was
Alexander the Great
King of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Egypt, and Persia
Hellenism
Culture, ideals, and pattern of life of classical Greece
Rome
Alps provided protection from invasion
Sea limited possibility of naval attacks
Representative Republic
Patricians
Landowning noblemen
Plebeians
All other free men
Ronan government
Made up of two group the senate and the assembly
Developed civil laws known as twelve tables of Rome
Political leaders started fighting among themselves and Senate weakened and power and power was transferred to first triumvirate
Roman social structure
Centered on later familias
Patricians - plebeians - slaves
Punic Wars
Carthage became Rome’s first enemy to
Conflict resulted in Punic wars
Mayan civilization
Dominated Mexico
Believed gods maintained agricultural cycles for honors, sacrifices, and bloodletting rituals
Developed complex calendar system
collapse of Han Empire
Interrupted by reign of Wong Mong and he established the Xin dynasty
Used Mandate of Heaven to gain power
Division of Roman Empire
Diocletian tried to deal with problems by dividing Empire into 2 regions run by co emperors
Invaders: Sassanids from Persian empire and Germanic tribes
