World History Flashcards
1
Q
role of OPEC
A
2
Q
Germans killed at Olympics
A
1972: 11 Israeli athlets. by PLO who was in opposition to Israel
3
Q
aka Persia
A
Iran
4
Q
leader of Iran
A
Shah
5
Q
Iran and women right to vote
A
Iran gave women the right to vote in 1963
6
Q
Iranian Revolution
A
1979L Ayatollah Khemoni. revolution forces Shah . implemented shariah law
7
Q
estuary in the mittle east
A
Shatt al Arab esuary
- Iran/IRaw war post Iranian Rev.
- border of each nation was supposed to go through the center but each wanted to control the estuary
- Khomei didn’t think Prez Saadam Hussein of Irq was a true muslim. Sadaam welcomed modern technology whil Ayatollah was old school
8
Q
first mission to Jupiter
A
Pioneer 10
1972
9
Q
sea between sweeden and mainland
A
baltic Sea
10
Q
sea between Scandinavia and Russia
A
barrets sea
11
Q
sea between UK and Norway
A
North Sea
12
Q
located directly south of Norway
A
Denmark
13
Q
boarder between Europe and Asia
A
Ural Mts
14
Q
culture on Crete
A
Minoan
15
Q
ancient storyteller
A
Homer did Illiand and Odyssey in 800bc
16
Q
city state of Athens
A
Athens was the chief city-state of Attica
17
Q
ran first marathon
A
Pheidippides ran 26.2 miles to report defeat
18
Q
Xerxes
A
480bc. watched defeat at Salamis. beheaded captains when swam ahore
19
Q
Greek who believed all things were made of atoms
A
Democrities
20
Q
father of history
A
Herodotus
21
Q
writing by Herodotus
A
father of History
Perisan war
22
Q
greek tragedies
A
Sophocles
23
Q
Sophocles
A
greek gragedies
24
Q
epic poems of greek
A
lyre
25
commedy greek who wrote about Athens Peloponnnesian war
Aristophanes
26
"know thyself"
Socrates
27
location of Sicilly
less than 100 miles from North Africa
28
prince of troy
Aneas is a prince of troy who fought in the Trojan war. went to Italy, ROme
29
Praetors
16. in roman gov.head of senate/assembly.
30
Censurs
2. in Roman gov
- supervises citizens, sets taxes, appropriate Senator usually forms. consuls
31
Counsolors
2 in Roman gov
supreme pwoer
elected every yaer
head of gov, commander in chief
becomes Senator at end of term
32
treasurers in Roman governmen
Quaestors. 8. 1yr term
33
Tribunes
10 in Roman gov
- 1yr term
- guards rights of plebians and can veto Senators
34
how manySenators in Roman governmetn
500
35
commoners in Rome
plebians
36
nobels in Rome
patricians
37
aka veto
"I forbide"
38
Twelve Tables
450bc.
first Roman Code of laws as created from plebian. written on bornze tablets and posted in Roman square
39
role of Caesar
governor of Gaul
40
rival of Julius Caesar
Pompey
41
downfall of Julius Ceaesar
49bc: Senate, who supported Pompey, ordered Caesar to return to Rome. brought army w/him so he wouldn't be killed. Pompey fled
44bc: Caesar assassinated with 23 daggers
42
sucessor of Julius Caesar
Julius had chosen OActavian. 27bc. grandnewphew adopted
43
Roman writer
Cicero
44
inspiration for ancient Roman art
Greek
- greek = beauty and perfection
- roman = as things really are
45
concrete
sand/gravel bound by cenemnt
45
wrote about the founding of Rome
Aneid by Virgil
46
road of Rome
Appian Way
47
baths of Rome
Baths of Caricalla (kahr-uh-KAL-uh)
48
what did Roman emperors belief would make their people content/peaceful
49
foregin office
consulate
50
5 germanic tribes
Visigoths - Iberian
Vandals - N. Africa
Ostrogoths (AH truh gahts) and Balkans
- Saxons - England
franks -Gaul/W. Germany
51
leaders of barbarians
Cheiftians. ruled land only they could defend
52
aka Barbarians
germanic tribes
53
Charlemagne
close ties with pope
King of France in 758
Pope Leo 3 crowned him Holy Roman Emperor
54
reing of Augustus Ceaesr
41yr emperor of Rome
only held offices that existed before prior but held them year after year
Augustus - respected one
Golden Age of Rome - 27bc-14AD
"I found Rome brick and left it marble"
55
"I found Rome brick and left it marble"
Augustus Caesar
56
peace of Rome
Pax Romana
57
emperor when the Roman empire was at its largest
Trajan 117AD
58
famous art of Byzantine mepire
mosaics
59
Constantine
312AD: Emperor became a Christian
Christianity became a state religion in Rome
60
Cosntantinople
official capital of Roman Empire in 330AD
61
official capital of Roman Empire in 330AD
Constantiniople
62
germanic tribe ruler who took over Rome
476 AD: Odoacer (oh doh AY gun)
63
end of the Byzantine empire
1453
64
main square of Rome
foreum
65
roman courtyard
atrium
66
aka Latin-esque languages
Romance languages: latin, french, italian, spanish
67
Justian Code
530AD
68
goods taken by force
plunder
69
started the crusades
Pope Urban III
1095-France
70
crusade year range
8 major crusades between 1095-1291
captured Jerusalem in 1099 and held until 1187
71
feudalism
middle ages
system of loyalty and protective
800-1300AD
72
nobels in feudalism
vassals - owned loyalty to higher nobels and got land back
73
land in feudalism
fiefs
74
worked the land in feudalism
serfs
75
villages in feudalism
villages on manors = large estates
76
way to become a knight
page - squire at 15yo - knight at 21yo
77
promise by knight
knights promised to defend the christian church. chivalry
78
armored knights
heavy, slow,expensive, easy to defeat
- only rich could have
- fell out of favor by 1400
79
community of Christians
Christedom
80
sheepskin
parchment
81
gives rights to something
charter
82
location of famous cities in Spain
center = Madrid
center but south of Madrid: Toledo
South but not south coast = Cordoba an Seville
western coast = Valencia
south
gibralter
83
island due east of Spain
Palma
84
NW coast of Spain
Barcelona
85
location of Lisbon
Portugal. slightly south of middle coastline
86
city on the eastern coast of Spain
Barcelona and Valencia
87
in-between France and Spain
Andorra
88
Bordeaux
coast on Atlantic
89
apprentice to professional
apprentice - journeyman-master
- guild had to approve apprentice to master
90
years of the Renaissance
1400-1600
91
purpose of Magna Carta
1215: King John
- nobels wanted to protect their rigghts but hte final results also protected peasants
92
river in Florence
Arno River
- Medici banking control
Lorenzo de Medici was a patron of hte art
93
first perspective painter
Giotto
94
painted St Peter's church
Michangelo
95
yr of the Mona Lisa
1503
96
yr Martin Luther nailed to door
1517 Whittenberg 95 Theses
97
movement Martin Luther starte
Reformation
98
how did the Reformation start
1517: nailed 95 Theses on the door of theWhittenberg church
99
HRE up against Martin Luther
Charles V. forbade anyone to help ML so a prince kidnapped him. wrote constantly while in shelter
100
Moors
Muslims in teh Iberian penninsula.
Ferdinand of Aragton and Isabella of Castille married in 1469 and drove out the Moors in 1492
101
action Ferdinand and Isabella did
drove the Moors out of Spain in 1492
102
first Tudor King
1485
Henry 7
103
year Queen Mary died
1558
104
explorer during Liz I
Sir Francis Drake
105
100 yrs War dates
England v France
1337-1453
106
year of Joan of Arc
1429: told to drive England out of France at 16yo
107
book about the heliocentric theory
Copernicus 1543
108
improved the telescope
Gaileo
109
Newton gravity. said that force kept planets
1687
110
year Liz I died
1603
111
yr the Netherlands became independent from Spain
1648
112
dominion
self-governing colony
113
confederation
loose union of states
114
gold rush in the 1800s
1896: gold found by the Klondike River in Ukon
115
expansion of Australia at the expense of...
done at the expense of the Aborigionals
116
ancient people of New Zealand
Maori
polynesians of New Zealands
117
when did the population of the ancient New Zelanders get cut in half
by 1840s, the population was down 50% by guns and disease
118
when was the Constitution ratified
Constitution ratified in 1788
119
1800s question about slavery
needed a compromise
Misouri Compromise of 1820s. slavery only souther of hte Louiana purchase
120
compromise of the slavery question in 1820
Missouri Compromise
121
Missouri Compromise
1820: slavery in south of hte Louisa purchase
122
Africa location of slave resettlement
Liberia
123
role of William Lloyd Garrison
journalist who helped shape public opinion
124
group Fredrick Douglas was in
1883 American Anti-Slavery Society
125
first year of the Civil War
1861
126
laws that enforced racial segregation post Civil War
Jim Crow
127
year of the Emancipation Proclaimation
1863
128
who was freed via the Emancipation Proclaimation
1863: slaves in the states "in rebellion agains the US"
129
Quaker abolitionist and woman's rights activist
Lucretia Mott
130
first Women's Rights convention
Seneca Falls Convention
- 1848
- led by quakers like Elizabeth Candy Stanton and Lucretia Mott
131
year of the amendment that gave women the right to vote
1920 = 19th Amendment
132
first public high school in US
Boston 1821
133
NYC political boss
Boss Tweed
Tammary Hall
1868 - 1971
134
cartoonist
Thomas Nast
- Harpers Weekly
135
who published the Thomas Nast cartoons
Harpers Weekly
136
Boss Tweed concern
told Nast/Harpers Weekly to stop doing the cartoons. said he didn't care what they want to say about him but people cound understand the pictures
137
cartoonist of the 1700s
Willim Hogarth
138
2 men known for cartoons
1700s
1800s
1700s = William Hogarth
1800s: Thomas Nast (Harpers Weekly)
139
action of Andrew Carnegie
rich though steel,
drove small/less efficient companies out of business
140
year Congress imposed tariffs on foreign goods
1875: made them 40% more expesive than US goods
141
caused the USA to create a strict fire code
1911 Shirtwaist Company fire. 100 died. NY created stricted fire code
142
first Latin American country to get power
Saint Dominique
(Caribben Hispanola)
143
"The Liberator"
Simon Bolivar
{- 1811 Venezula to get independence
- died of TB
144
how did the royal family of Portugal get to Brazil
Napoleon defeated Protugal in 1807. Portugese King Don Gjao (Zhwa-oh) became Brazil's first emperor when Brazil became independent from Portual
145
no tolerance for European influence in the western hemisphere
Monroe Doctrine in 1823
146
when were the serfs in Russia freed
1861
147
Prussian King
Kaiser
148
known for his waltz
Strauss
149
Junkers
1800s aristrocrat landowners of Prussia
150
what happened in 1905
Japanese beat Russia
151
triggered the Russian Revolution
1905 March to Winter Palace to demand reforms
- imperial troops fired and killed 70
-= Bloody Sunday
152
Bloody Sunday
trigger of the Russian Revolution (1905)
- March to Winters Palace to demand reforems
- imperioal troops fled and killed 70
153
Young Turks
populist progressive news commentary
OR
oppositionist movement against the Ottoman empire
154
years of the Ottoman Empire
1299 - 1922
ended when the Sultan abdicated post WWI
155
hometwon of Florence Nightengale
born in Florence
- decreased battleield mortality
156
Balkan States
albania
bosnia & herzognevia
bulgaria
Pcroatia
kosovo
montenegry
macedonia
romania
serbia
slovenia
157
Emperess Sissi
Emperess of Austria,
Queen of Hungry, Bohemia, Croatia
- married to Franz Joseph I of Austria (18545 - 1898)
158
aka Boxers
Society of the Harmonious Fists
159
sent Perry to open China
Millard Fillmore in 1851
160
ancient name of Japan
Edo
161
reformation in Japan
Tokugawa = Meiji Restoration
- samuri overthrew the shogunate
162
what major event happened in 1914
Austrialia declared war on Serbia
163
ship that sank during WWI
1915: Lusitania
164
year the US entered WWI
1917
165
peace treaty of WWI
1919: Treaty of Versailles
166
Triple Entente
1907: Russia, Brit, Reance
167
language spoken in S Africa by the Europeans
Boers speak Afrikaans (Dutch)
168
jew falsly accused of being a spy
Dreyfus case
- 1894L exonerated 1906
- exonerated in antisemitism
169
states of Switzerland
canton
170
year the Europeans went to S. Africa
1835: boars went to there
171
Opium Wars
1839: Brit l;aunched Opium war in China
172
year of the Berlin COnference
1185
173
end of imperial rule in China
1911. Revolution overthrew the Qing dynasty = no more imperial rule in China
174
indian soldiers
sepoy
175
king of Italy
King Umberto
176
king of the Zulu kingdom
Shaka was king of the Zulu from 1816 - 1828
177
last ruling dynasty in Vietnamese history
Nguyen Dysnasty
- 1802 by Emeperor Gia Long
- abdication of Emperor Bao Dai in 1945
178
Asian country that was never colonized by Europe
Thailand
- strong Western influence
BUT
aligned with Britian and France, modernized its administration/military, and implemented diplomatic reforms
- buffer state, modernization and reform, active diplomacy with England and France
179
Taiping Rebellion
1864: civil war in China between the QIng dynasty and Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
180
Brit who heavily influenced south Africa
Cecil Rhodes
- by 1891, he owned 90% of the world's diamond production
181
known for the diamond business
Cecil Rhodes
182
stats in the Boer War
450K Brit versus 60K BOers
183
purpose of trench warfare
protect & hold ground gained
184
under the sea book
20,000 leagues unde the sea by Jules Verne
185
underwater boats in WWII
German were the first to use Uboats in WWII
186
adversarial sides in WWI
Allies: Russia, France, Britian
Central: Germany, A-H, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria
187
why was control of Bosnia & Herzgonivia important
control to avoid giving land locd Serbia access to an outlet to the Arabian Sea
188
what act enraged Serbia
1908: Australia annexed Bosnia & Herzgonivia
- tensions worsed in 1912 and led to the Balkan war
189
what war happened right before WWI
Balkan War
- b/c Austraia anneded Bosnia and Herngonivia in 1908 so Balkan War 1912
190
event that officially triggered WWI
Franz Ferdinand (heir to Hapsburg throne) assassinated en route to Sarajavo by Gavrillo Princip of the Black Hand
- acted w/o official approval by Serbian government but they knew his plan and gave support
191
armament of Germany in 1918
Germany had a gun that could hit targets 75 miles away
192
year the British got tanks
1916
193
USA did a draft for a world war
1917: Secretary of war pulled # for draft
194
Gallipoli Campaign
1915 - 1916
aka Dardannells campaign
- considered a defining momemnt in the hx of Turkey
195
how did the western hemisphere get drawn into WWI
Zimmerman telegram to Mexico
196
convinced US to get into WWI
Zimmerman telegram to Mexico and unrestricted sub warfare
197
speech by President Wilson
14 POints 1918
198
aka mutual defense
collective security
199
French premeire
Georges Clemencaeu "The Tiger" - WWI
200
foreign secretary of UK in 1917
David Balfour
201
Navy post WWI
1922: Washington Naval Conference
- US, UK, Japan, France, Italy
{agreed to set limits on Navy size_
202
relieved economic pressure on Germany post WWI
reparations
- 1923 - Germany defaulted on reparations & Dawes Plan helped relieve economic poressure on Germany
203
revised terms of reparations on Germany post WWI
Germany defaulted on its reparations in 1923 so the Dawes plan was to help reduce their payments
204
fate of the League of Nations
USA didn't join
205
movement by Ezra Pound
modernist poetry,
collaborated in Fascist Italy & was a foreign editor in UK
{imagism (movement stressing precision and economy of language)
206
wrote Jungle Book
Runyard Kipling
207
work by Runyard Kipling
Jungle Boo
just so stories
man who would be king
white man's burden
208
Man Who Would Be King
by Runyard Kipling
movie starred Sean Connery, Michaine Caine, and Christopher Plummer as Kipling
209
what Dreamworks film is loosly based on The Man Who WOuld Be King
The Road to El Dorado
(original work by Runyard Kipling)
210
original founder of Dreamworks
1994: Stephen Spielberg
211
Dreamworks film series
Prince of Egypt,
Meet the Parents,
Shrek,
The Ring,
Anchorman,
Trnsformers,
Saving PRivate Ryan
212
when was the October Revolution
October 1917
213
stock market crash
1929
214
work by SIgmund Freud
Australia
psychoanalysis
"Civilization & its Discontents" (1930)
215
major event that destroyed Jewish businesses
1938: Kristallnacht
216
former name of St Petersburg
Petrograd
217
galvanized young Lenin
Lenin's brother was executed for a plot to assassinate the Tzar
- Lenin was exiled to Siberia for spreading Marxist ideas
- returned in 1917 in a sealed train so he wouldn't spread revolutiohary ideas
218
group Lenin led
Lenin led the Bolshevicks
- promised peace, land, bread
219
right hand man of Lenon Trotsky
Joseph Hansen
220
assassinated in Medico
1940 assassination of Leon Trotsky
221
led the Bolshevik army
Bolshevik Red Army led by Trotsky
222
pictured on top of a tank
Boris Yelsten in 1991
223
secret police
Cheka - secret police regime under the Bolsheviks to support dissent
224
Red Scare
moral panic provoked by fear of the rise of real/supposed leftist ideologies like commnism and socialism
225
example of a Red Scare
1917: nationwide hysteria and anxiety that a Bolshevik revolution in America was imminent and the revolution would change Church, home, marirage, civility, and the American way fo life
226
writing in the stream of consciousness style
James Joyce
0 Ulysses
227
"the business of America is business"
Coolidge
228
"return to normalcy"
Harding
229
year of the assembly line
Ford in 1913
230
Dada
art style reaction to human slaughter of WWI
- random objects
-Marcel Duchamp
231
american architect who created in Toyko
Frank Lloyd Wright built the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo in 1922
232
style of PIcasso
Cubism
SPanish
233
Weimer Republic
democratic government of Germany in 1919 - 1933
end of WWL to
after Kaiser WIlheim II abdicated
234
start of the Great Depression
Black Tuesday
235
Bull Market
prices are consistently reising or are expected to keep rising
- widespread optimism among investors that things are going well
236
bear market
prices are falling and investor sentiment is negative
- deine of 20% or more from a recent high
237
strategy a president did to talk with his people
Fireside Chats
238
Italy political system
fascism by Moussilini
- Fascist Party started in 1919
239
How did the Great Depression hit outside the stock market?
also hit agriculture
- cotton prices collapsed which ruined Sudan, Egypt, S. US
- wheat cost 1/5 less
- South america coffee and cocoa prices
240
Great depression and foreign investments
Americans pulled out foreign investments in Europe to stabilize finances here
leading bank in Australia collapsed - bankrupsy as loans defausted - banks collapsed across the US
241
how did Mousolini come into power
Founded Fascist Party in 1919
- threatened to march on Rome and take by force
- cabinet asked King Victor Emmanual III to declare martial law but he refused. entire cabinet resigned
- King made MOussilini premiere w/o the march
242
group under Moussilini
Fascist Party in 1919
- KIng Victor Emmanual III made him premeire
- Black Shifts
243
title of Moussolini
made Premeire by King VIctor Emmanual III
- "il Duce" = the leader
244
il Duce
title of Moussolini
= the leader
245
dictator controlls all overnment, society, politics, culture, and private lives
totalitarinism.
- e.g. Mousolini
246
parents of Hitler
Austria. to a minor government official and schoolteacher
247
aka Nazi
National Socialist German Workers Party
248
circumstances behind Hitler's writing of Mein Kampf
Hitler 1923 for the Beer Hall PUtsch
249
Reichstag
Parliament of the German Empire,
Weimer Republic,
Nazi State
250
years of the Nazi state
1933 - 1945
251
1st, 2nd, & 3rd Reich
1st = Holy Roman Empire
2nd = Bismark under Hohenzollens
3rd = thosand yr Reich
252
nickname for the Nzi
Brown SHrt
253
people's care by Hitler
Volkswagon
254
Russian forced labor camps
Gulags by Stalin
255
Ukrainian famine
Holodomor famine 1932 - 1933
- Soviet and man-caused
256
destroyed in Kristellennacht
"night of broken glass"
1938
250 synagogues
7500 businesses trashed/burned
257
how did Stalin rise to power
totaliarism
- Stalin outsmarted Trotsky when Lenin died
258
examples of totalitarism
Mousolini
Stalin
259
Nuremberg Laws
1935
- Nazi deprived Jews of citizenshipo, coulnd'nt' marry Aryan Jews, excluded from many professions
260
Nazi filmmaker
Leni Riefenstahl
Nazi rallies & staged scenes
"Triumph of the Will"
- 1934: Nuremberg Rally
- carried torches like a middle ages mob
261
Nazi Film
"Triumph of the Will"
- 1935: Nuremberg Rally
- carried torches like middle ages mobs
262
Nuremberg Laws
1935
Nazi deprived Jews of citizenshipo, couldn't marry Aryan Jews, excluded from many professions
263
what did Stalin do to rivals?
used state terror to purge political rivals
20 - 30 million
264
French dictator
Francisco Franco Spanish General who overthrew the French goverment in 1936 in a civil war
265
Joseph Goebbles
Nazi minister of propaganda
- did an exhibition "The Exhibito fo Degenerate art" to make case for government control
266
act by Ghandi
1930 march to the sea to get Salt War act of defiance b/c British raj had a monopoloy on salt
- police brutality on march and Ghandi arrested
267
Spanish-American war
US won the Spanish American war in 1912
268
when was the Chinese Republic declared
1912
269
national homeland for the Jews
1917: Balfour Doctrine supported a national home in Palestine for the Jews
270
supported a national home in Palestine for the Jews
1917 Balfour Doctrine
271
Irish civil War
1922
272
founding of the Chinese Communist party
1921 in Shanghai
273
year Britian recognized Egypt's independence
1936
274
Easter Rising
1916
revolut in dublin for independence
- British revolt & leaders executed
- Sim Fein (Irish natinalist party) sweapt election in 1918
- BRit refused to accept
- IRA = armed forces of Sin Fein
275
irish party in the Easter Rising of 1916
Sim Fein = Irish Nationalist Party
IRA = armed forces of h Sein Fein
276
first large scale Indian move against the BRitish
Partition of Bengal in 1905
277
Amritsar Massacre
1919 in Punjab India during a fair to prot4est against the Rowlatt Act and arrest of pro-Indian independence activists
278
1935 Britian and India
Britian enacted a new federal consitutition for India that granted self-rule at the provincial lvle but it was criticized for not going far enough
279
what did Indians think about Ghandi
not all liked him and his leadership methods. some wanted to use violence
280
1st old Ottoman territotry outside of Europe to be granted offical independence post WWI
Egypt
- British control since 18822
- Pasha & the Wafd Party nationwide revolt in 1919. Brit forcefully put it down
- Brit in 1922 said Egypt as independent but kept control of
- defense of egypt,
-suez canal
- admin SUdan which controlled the upper Nile
- protectorate fo reogin interest in Egypt
281
relationship between Britian and Egypt when it became independent
1922
BUT BRitian still kept control of...
- defense of Egypt
- Suez Canal
- administration of Sudan (which controlled the upper Nile)
- protection of foreign interest in Egypt
282
HItler invasion into Africa
1935: Hitler invaded Ethiopia and Egypt mad
283
how did Egypt get into the League of Nations
Britian agreed to sponsor
284
