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GHD Flashcards

1
Q

state of dying or approaching death/obselete

A

moribund

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2
Q

basic infrastructure

A

roads, ports, power…

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3
Q

John Maynard Keynes

A

economic decision of Brit gov before WWI

legacy: concept that governments have a role to play in the economic well-being of industries and people

“most men love money and security more and createion/construciton less as they get older

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4
Q

what would happen if tghe economic problem is solved

A

“if the economic problem is solved, mankind woudl be depreived of its traditional purpose”
for many in teh US, our economic problem is solved and absolute needs met so people were left with insatiable relative needs’

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5
Q

Global Burden of Disease

A

largest and most comprehensive effort to quantify health care loss across places and time
- 459 health outcomes and risk factors in 204 countries

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6
Q

after WW1, the US started a war on terrorism but neglected the deeper causes of poverty

A

minimal money spent on destabilized coutnries with extreme poverty - haven of unrest, violence, global terrorism

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7
Q

global health magazine

A

Lancet

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8
Q

aids/TB/malaria program

A

Global Fund to Fight AIDS< TB, and Malaria

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9
Q

“it is no good to lecture the dyying that they should have done…

A

it is no good to lecture the dying that they should have done better with their lot in life
- help them onto the first fung of the latter of develoment when they can procedure to climb on their own

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10
Q

writing by JM Keynes

A

“Economic Possibilities for our GrandChildren” 1930

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11
Q

city in Malawi

A

Lilongwe

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12
Q

super hot temperature

A

sweltering temperature

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13
Q

problem with soil

A

soil nutrients can be depleted so they can’t yield normal/esxpected crops

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14
Q

financing

A

process of funding business activities, making purchases, or investments

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15
Q

finance

A

process of channeling money from savers and investors to entities that need it
- savers and investors have money available which oculd earn interest or dividends if put to productive use

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16
Q

2 types of financing

A

equity and debt financinge

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17
Q

equity financing

A

no obligation to repay the money acquired through it

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18
Q

debt financing

A

requires repayment of money barrowed

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19
Q

problem of undernutrition

A

stunts growth

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20
Q

problem with school in impoverished areas

A

hit/miss b/c poverty, illness, need to help family

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21
Q

HIV antiretrovirals in malawi

A

HIV antiretriovirals in Malawi didn’t have drug resistance b/c those in Malawi didn’t have access to those rxd before

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22
Q

floods Bangledesh

A

Ganges

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23
Q

how was the nation of Bangladesh born?

A

war for independence against Pakistan in 1971
= called “international Basket Case” by Kissenger’s State Department

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24
Q

Kissinger’s state dept called it “international basket case”

A

Bangledesh war for independence agaisnt Pakistan in 1971

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25
Q

growing rapidly

A

burgeoning

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26
Q

factory that is crowded with poor/illegal working conditions

A

sewatshop

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27
Q

capital of Bangladesh

A

Dhaka
- ninth largest/7th most densely populated city in the world

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28
Q

impact of the garment industry in Bangledesh

A

gave Bangladesh an economic growth of 5% and gives women power in a society that was originally biased against. so this was the first step on their development ladder

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29
Q

sweatshops in bangledesh

A

actually was the first rung on the devleopment ladder. plus gave women a foothold in teh community
**developed countries callign to close the factories owuld put women back into rural misery
**despite reports of poor working ocnidtions, long hours, harassment, decreased rights…women still think it is an good opportunity and their lives are better for it. got them out of their village and not stuck withraising their kdis

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30
Q

women in finainance

A

women were long considered unbankable. not creditworthy to bear transactional costs

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31
Q

effect of putting into the workforce in developing countries

A

decreases teh brithrate

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32
Q

two big things that happened under the leadership of the man who led China after WWI

A

Mao Zedong
Cultural Revolution
Great Leap Forward

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33
Q

greatest tragedy and development ladder

A

the greatest tragedy is that 1/6 of humanity is not on teh bottom rungs of the development ladder. most are caught5 in the poverty tripn

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34
Q

extreme poverty

A

no basic means for survival

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35
Q

moderate poverty

A

barely meets basic needs

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36
Q

relative poverty

A

household income below average natural income

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37
Q

household income below average national income

A

relative poverty

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38
Q

wealth is a modern concept…

A

wealth is a new concept
- poverty or at lead subsistence living has been the norm for human existence, on all continents, and in all cultures until very recently

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39
Q

world population in 2AD

A

230 million

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40
Q

world population in 1000 AD

A

270 million

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41
Q

world population in 1800 AD

A

900 million

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42
Q

many people assume the rich have gotten richer b/c the poor got poorer - NOT TRUE!

A

key fact of modern times is not the transfer of income from one region to the other buby force but overall increase in world income at different rates

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43
Q

what is the main force behind long-term icnrase in income in rich world

A

TECHNOLOGY not exploitation of power

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44
Q

impact of the steam engine/fossil fuels

A

unlocked mass production of goods and ervices at a scale beyond wildest drams

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45
Q

year feudalism/serfdom disappeared in Britian

A

`500s

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46
Q

why doesn’t the civilian GHE sector respect the military

A

b/c we don’t want to learn

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47
Q

economic organizations that do country=level loans

A

IMF and World bank

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48
Q

how to interpret fever

A

a symptom not a specific disease
“when yu hear hoofbeats, think horse not zebra if no zebras in yoru area”

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49
Q

SAPs

A

Structural Adjustment Program
- economic reforms imposed by the IMF and the World Bank on countries who borrow money
- require borrowers to do things like implement free market policies like priivialization, trade liberation
- stated purpose of SAPs: adjust the country’s economic structure, improve international competitiveness, and restore its balance of payemnts

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50
Q

PRSP

A

poverty reduction strategy papers
- part of the Structured Adjustment Programs

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51
Q

created IMF/World bank

A

Bretton Woods

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52
Q

what are economists largely untrained in

A

economists are untrained in physical geography and human ecology

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53
Q

geopolitics

A

a country’s security and economic relationships

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54
Q

Differential Dx for Poverty Reduction

A

extent of extreme poverty,
economic policy,
fiscal framework,
physical geography
human ecology
patterns of governance
cultural barriers to economic development
geopolitics

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55
Q

Defects blamed on Africa poverty

A
  • 3 centuries of slave trade leading to leaderless, low educaiton, poor infrastructure
  • Europeans drew border sthat folowed arbitary lines of division leading to divided ethnic grups, economics, watersheds…
  • US backed apartheid of Congro in 1960
  • US had a h and in teh overthrow of Ghana in 1966
  • almost every african political crisis had is their long hx is becaus eof European meddling
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56
Q

Development web items

A

agricultural impacts
invest in basic
edu
transporation
communciation
sanitation
safe water

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57
Q

what will the end of poverty requrei

A

a global network of cooperation among people who must work together even though they do not necessarily trust each other

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58
Q

poor and the devleopment ladder

A

the poor face strucutral problems to get to the first rung of the development ladder

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59
Q

most focus on ending poverty…

A

most focus on key investments to get foot on the first rung of the development ladder

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60
Q

nitrogen-fixing trees

A

covnert atmospheric nitrogen, most food crops can’t use directily into a nitrogen component that food can use as nutrition

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61
Q

problem with introducing new technology

A

new technology costs money

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62
Q

short stature for age r/t nutrition

A

stunting

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63
Q

outcome of chronic undernutrition

A

stunted growth

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64
Q

at the most basic level, how do we end extreme poverty

A

by enabling the poor to get on the first few rungs of the development ladder
- problem is, many lack the minimal capital to get started

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65
Q

6 types of capital the bottom rungs (extreme povety) of the development ladder lack

A

HUMAN capital: health, nutr, skills to be economically productive

BUSINESS: machine/family, motor transport

INFRASTRUCTURE: road, power, sanitation, water, telecommunication

NATURAL:

PUBLIC infrastructure: commercial law, uudicial, gov serfices, policing to ensure peaceful/prospertity

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66
Q

items that fall under household income

A

consumption, taxes, savings,
gove turns taxes into spending and governemnt investment

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67
Q

what happens to your household income if extreme povertty

A

all money goes to consumption just to stay alive. no taxes or savigns
- negative groth rate

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68
Q

heart of poverty trap breaking

A

targeted investment backed by donor aid

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69
Q

what happens when households are able to save moeny

A

households being able to save money puts teh economy on a path of sustained economic growth but w/o donated fundings, teh necessary investments can’t be financed

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70
Q

5 reasons governmetn should finance schools/clinics versus provate sector

A
  • if private, creates monopoly and they would overcharge for use. so government = cheaper
  • nonrival/publically provided goods doesn’t decrease avaialbility
  • spillover effect in social sector. I want gov vaccinated so you don…. like when spillover exists private makets to undersupply goods and sevgices
  • ensure all have access to key basic goods liek water/food is the job of the government, international law, universial dec of human rights

gov wants to give citizen what they need

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71
Q

private versus gov provision of social services/basic needs

A

gov should provide social sergices/basic needs but private entrepreneurs have shown they do a better job at running compared to gov

  • gov run business do for political not economical reach and banks make loans for political not on a basis of expected return
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72
Q

Rocketfeller Foundation

A

fears massive hunger b/c increase in global population so they did HYC (high yield variety) crops in 1944
- started in Mexico. this took Mexico from being a grain exporter to being a grain importer

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73
Q

smallpox vaccine

A

Jenner in 1796

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74
Q

year smallpox was eradicated`

A

1980

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75
Q

malaria in 1940s

A

over 1/2 of the world lived in malario endemic areas

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76
Q

aka river blindness

A

onchocerciasis

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77
Q

micorfinancing lending

A

financing services targeting targeting individuals/small businesses who lack access to conventional banking and related services
- in 2020, 500M people directly or indirectly benefited from these types of loans

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78
Q

cold chain

A

set of rules/procedures that ensure the systematic coordiantion fo activiteis for ensuring temperature-control of goods while in sotrage and transiti

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79
Q

objective of cold chain

A

preserve the integrity and quality of perishable goods from production to consumption

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80
Q

CCP

A

critical control point
- point where the failure of SOP could cause harm to customers, business. point where controls canbe applied

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81
Q

hazard analyusis and critical control points

A

systematic prevention approach to food safety from bio, chemical, physical hazards in production processes that causes finished products to become unsafe

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82
Q

aid agency focus on development projects

A

aid agencies focus on development projects as symbolic rather than national scale just enough to make good headlines

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83
Q

what did Sachs say a country’s poverty reduction strategies should be based on

A

what is require to meet the Millemium Development goals. not what a recipient country’s is arbitrarily told they needed

84
Q

5 parts to a MDG based on povety reduction strategies

A

differential dx: identifies policy/investments in coutnry needs to reach MDG

investmanet plan
financial plan
donor plan
public managemnet plan

85
Q

things the poor/rich must do to overcome poverty

A

poort- take poverty ending strategies seriously. devote a great share or resources to cut pvoerty not war/corruption/political isntability

rich: move beyond plattitudes to helping the poor and follow through on repated promises to help

86
Q

problems that arise when donors help build clinics in developing coutnries

A

help countries build clinics but reject plans to cover salaries of staff. so emplty shell is built.
SO
donors must cover infrastructure and salary

87
Q

5 aspects of aid flow (to developing country poverty projects)

A

magnitude - must be large enough to enable the recipeint coutnry to finance via investment

timing- aid must be long term to enable th recipent country to follow through. recommend a 10 year plan

predictability: air must be preditable enough to sidestep aid flow. doesn’t jeopardy the investment program or macroconomic stability

harmonizaton: air must reprt MG based poveryt decreasign streageties must be in the investnet plan rather than be the pet project of the aid agencies

88
Q

what is just as important OR more so that the pure amount of money aid given to a developing country for poverty reduction

A

predictiabilit of aid. b/c unexpected fluctuations shock

89
Q

4 topics poor countries must be addressed on teh global level

A

debt crisis
global trade policy
science for development
environmental stewardship

90
Q

HIPC

A

heavilyt indebted poor countris
- better to give grants bc/ the country can’t pas them off as debt

91
Q

how did the Marshall Plan work

A

rebuilt Europe with Grants
- to ensure that powtwar debt would nt encombuer Europe fragiltiy

92
Q

“trade not aid”

A

forgets trade barriers in rich countries hamper export potential of poor so they can’t enter market
need “TRADE PLUS AID”

93
Q

why do poor countries have a difficult time advancing their industries

A

poorest of the poor do not have nough of a market incentive for private-led research and evelopment

94
Q

examples of aid agencies

A

Bill and Melinda gates
Rocketfeller

95
Q

what did the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation fund

A

TB and Malaria

96
Q

what did the Rocketfeller Foundation finace

A

1928 Yellow fever vaccine

97
Q

FAO

A

food an agricultre organization

98
Q

What did the Global Fund to fight ____

A

aids, TB, malaria

99
Q

extreme poverty trap

A

extreme poverty is a trap that can be released via targeted investment that are tested/proved and the investment strategy is implemented as part of a global campaign. rich/poor focus on MDG

100
Q

actual goal for ending poverty

A

gol is to end EXTREME poverty. NOT end all poverty
poor will still have to get rich on their own effort
0 need assistance toextr
- tactic: how to make a poor coutnry into textbook model of goodgovernence or efficient market economy

101
Q

what happens to economic development over time

A

economic development tends to build on itself but it must get started

102
Q

extent of investent rich countries need to make into poor countries

A

rich countries do not have to invest enough in the poorest coutnries to make them rich. just need to ivnest enough so they get a foot on the bottom rungs of the devloepment ladder

103
Q

problem of retrograde cultures

A

impedes modern progress

104
Q

8 reasosn why coutnries fail to achieve economic growth

A

poverty trap
geography
fiscal traop
government failure
culture barrier
geopolitis
lack of innovation

105
Q

poverty trap

A

no margin of income above survival to invest int eh future

106
Q

wrote Guns, Germs, and Steel

A

Jared Diamond
- looks at the rise/fall of civilizations based on envirnmental factors
-

107
Q

what happens when governmetns lack financial means to provide public goods/infrastructure

A

poverty trap so can’t tax the populace
gov debt increases so they can’t make new investments
debt overhang

108
Q

what is a big reason why investors won’t want to invest in a coutnry

A

won’t invest if they know they can’t recoupt the cost/p or profit

109
Q

“The End of Poverty”

A

NY Bestseller w/forward by Bono
Jeffrey Sachs in 2005
encouraged people who work in GHD to think about their work in different ways and brought people outside into GHD
Sachs was an economist not GHD so not typically a global health field

110
Q

goal of Jeffry Sachs in “The End of Poverty”

A

to end poverty book has manifesto actiosn with detaile dplans and evidence.
- even prior to the book, Jeffry was considered a topi economist

111
Q

Development Web topics

A

health
economy
security
education
transportation
environment
governance
- what sector you prioritize is the one

112
Q

Three major recommendations Jeffrey Sachs makes in “The End of POverty”

A
  1. choose several sectors of the development web and must address all aspects of development simultaneously - specifically. give them a JUMPSTART
  2. that will lkt communications onto the “bottom rung” of the economic ladder”
  3. from there, they can further themselves
  • Sachs arguest that this has never been done before. so may were working on one construct. or several that were too far apart
113
Q

plan of Jeffrey Sachs

A

get a lot of money, focus all on the major constructs at once but focus on one village at a time to concentrate resources

  • prove “milleinum Vilalge Program” concept. idea was to hav ethe Millenium villages inspire other across the world to replicate the porgress to end povert
114
Q

who was Jeffrey Sachs

A

world leadign economist, expert on sustainable development. fighted against poverty
Director fo Center for Sustainable Development at COlumbia.
SDG advocate to the UN Secrety General
“THe End of Poverty” book

115
Q

two worldwide reports on happiness

A

World Happiness REport - from Gallup World Poll
Human Develoment REport:

116
Q

World Happiness Report

A

ranks how happy countries perceive themselves to be
- coorlates happiness with various quality of life factors from Gallup World Poll

117
Q

Human Development Report

A

focuses on dimensions such as healthy life, knowledge, standards of livng

118
Q

what is development

A

art, science, and practice of healping countries and regions transition from subsistence living to the modern state wit concurent advancement in sectors from edu/governace/energy/transprotation/health/human rights

119
Q

ending dependency on food aid

A

you can end dependency on food aid by ensurign farmers have the means to icnrease productiongo

120
Q

goal of Jeffrey Sachs Millenium Villages

A

help escape poverty trap

121
Q

poverty is weird…quote

A

“it is weird that we still have poverty despite having all the tools to do something about it”

122
Q

how can poverty be ended

A

via targeted investmetns

123
Q

benefit of giving kids in developing countries a meal

A

if kids can get a meal at school, parents can’t afford not to send them to school

124
Q

what was Jeffrey’s Sach’s plan to end extreme poverty

A

targeted investments

125
Q

Big 5 GHD investment projects

A

agriculture, health, edu, electricity, tranportation, safe drinking water

126
Q

labor burden r/t inadequate drinking water

A

women get up, spend most of the day heading out to get the water. not enough

127
Q

6 types of capital extreme poverty lacks

A

human (health, nutr, skills to be productive)
business
infrastructure (ports, air, water…)
natural (natural resources, biodiversity, fell functioning ecosystem)
public (la, judicial, gov, policing)
knowledge (R&D, ways to increase productivity)

128
Q

who do the markets not attend to

A

the markets do not attend to the peopel who have nothing

129
Q

barrier to fertilizer or bednets

A

household income/extreme povert

130
Q

what should malaria nets have

A

insecticide

131
Q

Monterrey Consensus

A

UN International Conference on Financing for Development

132
Q

Washington Consensus

A

10 economic policy perscrpitions designed to be teh standard reform package promoted for crisis wracked developing countries.
- refers to more market oriented policies which have focused on less governmetn intervention

133
Q

what to do if someone tells you that your plan is not realistic

A

find out if not realistic b/c poorly designed or b/c too expensive
“realism, it seems, is in the eyes of the beholder”
- for donors, realism means inconvenience

134
Q

5 parts to a true Millium Development Goal poverty reduction streategy

A

differential diagnosis
investment plan
financial plan
donor plan
public management plan

135
Q

be realistic about what the poor can…

A

…afford to pay. using little/nothing. cannot be squeezed by taxes or user feeds

136
Q

HIPC

A

highly inebeted poor coutnries

137
Q

big problem post WWII

A

reparations

138
Q

UN Country Team

A

all UN specialized agencis in a country plust IMF/World Bank

139
Q

problem of extreme poverty

A

poverty trap that can be alleviated by targeted investments

140
Q

what should the World Bank focus on

A

World Bank shoudl focus on poverty rrap and not constant focus on governance

141
Q

global burden of disease

A

total amount of suffering M&N syffered by the world populatoin. infectoius and noninfectious

142
Q

mortality rate of breast and prostate cancer

A

National Cancer Insitute in 2010 foudn that breast and prostate cancer both had mortality of 23 per 100K but more money went to breast cancer. why?
- b/c medium age of breast cancers death was 68 but PC was 80.

143
Q

composite global burden of disease indicator

A

DALY = disability adjusted lfie year

144
Q

DALY

A

disability adjusted life year
- a composite indicator that accounts for both morbidity and morality
1 DALY = 1 year of healthy life lost
total DALY = YLL + YLD
YLD = years of life lived before disabiltiy

145
Q

YLL

A

yrs of life lost due to premature death
- single standard worldwide for global burden of disease study to show how long humans shoudl be expected to live in comparisoin of Japanese women
- in Swasizland, death at 32yr when there that is teh avg age of death. that is not considered premature. she woudl be considered to have lived a full life and there would be no measurable burden of disease.
YLL is a single indicator worldwide that defines premature death

146
Q

for the purpose of DALY,

A

you dont’ need to compare average age of death to the national average and decide death is premature due to that.
- compare to Jap women (e.g die at age the same as natioanl average as no natioanl avg sithe same. death still premature b/c compared to Jap women)

147
Q

why do they think female life expectancy is longer

A

b/c men are more lilkey to die of prevantable causes

148
Q

YLD

A

yrs life w/disability
- to show the conditon had an effect on life even if met minimum life expectancy fo Jap famiy

149
Q

DALY

A

defien disability then decide how much wight eachdistability shoudl have

150
Q

variety of all wildlife in an area

A

biodiversity

151
Q

net zero emissions

A

greenouse gases due to human activity and removal is net zero

152
Q

problem of invasive species

A

choak out natives

153
Q

when are river basins at risk

A

whe upstream countries build dames/a;ter water stream w/o consulting downstream neightbors
- example: grand ethiopian renaissance dam

154
Q

problem of loss of reflective sea

A

surface which is dark absorbs heat faster so icnreases temp

155
Q

goal of Paris Climate Agreement

A

limit global warming to 1.5C

156
Q

climate change effect on humans

A

CC erodes human security
- food/water/energy/health
los of natural capital
migration
more acideic ocean
ice caps melt
sea level

157
Q

extreme event attribution

A

meteroogoy/climate science
- aims to measure how ongoing climate change directly affects recent weather events
- tries to figure out what caused a given extreme weather or climate and weight eh relative influence of global warming versys natural variability
- can tell us if global warming made an event more likely/severe not but if GW officailly causd it

158
Q

PV system

A

photovoltaric system
electric power system designed to supplyusuable solar power by means of photovolatarics

159
Q

BECCS

A

bioenergy with carbon capture and storage

160
Q

SAI

A

strtospheric aerosol injection
- type of solar radiation mvoement to spray particles into the stratosphere. beign funded by those who fear climate change

161
Q

afforestation

A

establish trees/forest where they are not

162
Q

impact of transitioning away from fossil fuels

A

significantly reshapes geopolitics and encomy
- diminishes ablity to use energy as a tool of coercision/state b/c energy stems more decen

163
Q

oil organization

A

OPEC

164
Q

economic conundrum faced by countries

A

gov could reign in public spendign and risk public discontentment OR
maintain public spending but increase debt burden/borrowing costs and risk local coutnry depr
- may have to prioritize domestically not globally

165
Q

key of automation

A

could it be cost advantageous

166
Q

year the World Trade Organization was created

A

1995

167
Q

Facebook digital curency

A

Libra

168
Q

fiat currency

A

not backed by a commodity like gold or silver

169
Q

cloud computing

A

he on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user.[2] Large clouds often have functions distributed over multiple locations, each of which is a data center. Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and typically uses a pay-as-you-go model, which can help in reducing capital expenses but may also lead to unexpected operating expenses for users.[3][4]

170
Q

5 characteristics of cloud computing

A

on-demand self service
broad network access
resource pooling
rapid elasticity
measured service

171
Q

Alibaba

A

Chinese tech company online platforms for e-commerce, cloud computng, AI

172
Q

additional tool of national power

A

technology

173
Q

existential

A

eixstence. individual. self-determination, perosnal choisece

174
Q

Edleman Trust barometer

A

credibility survey

175
Q

power is created by content creators

A

power is created by content creatorsy and those who decide who gets to see it

176
Q

organization of the world bank

A

IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and development
- middle income countries and credit worthy low income countries w/ favorable interest rates. the bank can secure for the countries which are better than the rates they could get on their own
- THUS: middle income countries w/favorable interest

IDA: International Development Association
- lends out interest free money or grants to the poorest countries

177
Q

5 Organizations of the World Bank Group

A

IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
-*middle income/credit worthy low income. gives favorable interest rates better than they can get on their own

IDA: International Development Assistance
- interest free money/grants to the poorest coutnries

IFC: International FInance Corporation
MIGA: Multilateral Investment Guaranteed Agency
ICSID: International Center for Settlement of Investment Groups

178
Q

SAP

A

structured Adjustment programs
- one of hte biggest controversaries
- when a country asks for a loan, the lender thinks about he borrowers ability to pay back the loan
- the developed countries think they know what a developing country needs to do to pay back
- SAP = “prescription” of the things a developing country’s needs to do in order to quality for a loan and is tailored to each country’s specific needs
- in reality, it is an assortment of some thinks like shrinking government spending/privatized state enterprise/eliminate/decrease tarrifs and trade barriers, remove price controls, cut gov wages/pensions, let national currency devalue

SUPPOSED to be tailored to the country but it is always the sme list. people called out that it is rehashed via the “Washington Consensus”

179
Q

3 controversaries with teh Structured Adjustment Program

A

the policies hurt the ppor inteh long rrun

some coutnries are in debt already b/c previous loans quandered by previous corrup lerulers.

180
Q

SAP

A

structured adjustment program
= World Bank policy for developing counties based on the concept of conditional loans
- you get the loan if you agree to policcy reforms to boos economic development
- have a tendency to favor free-market capatalism

181
Q

how does a normal bank work?

A

lets someone deposit money and earn interest. loans out the money to lenders at a higher rate. all are happy
- saver gets interest
borrower gets capital
bak gets interest

182
Q

what is GHE a course abotu

A

GHE is a course about developmet

183
Q

what is the World Bank

A

of the UN
- premier lendign instutitoin and mechanism to fund development
- does take deposits
- gives out loans
- usually charges interest
- often makes a profit
- is accoutner to lenders

BUT
mission is to end world poverty by
=- borrowers get money cheeply on world financial markets
lends money to developing coutnries

184
Q

key concept of World Bank

A

WB is able to borrow the money at much cless cost than a developing country b/c the Bank is backed by the credit worthiness of its shareholders
- developING doesn’t have the ability to borrow money b/c too high credit risk but the bank can borrow mobey b/c not a credit risk

185
Q

difference between development projects and disaster response

A

we usually build capacity and sustanability to last after we leave but disaster response is an exception b/c we don’t prioritize sustaibability post crisis

186
Q

9 Principles of development

A

Nastios

187
Q

question about World Bank and mission creep?

A

Is it mission creep for the world Bank to invovle itself directly in global helath? but how do you do economic development and end poverty while ignoring global heath?

188
Q

Sphere Handbook

A

humanitarian charter and minimum standars in humanitarian response
- builds on legal/ethical foundatino w/uguiance, practice, and compiled evidence

189
Q

Sphere Project aim

A

to improve the quality of humanitarian reponse and to be accountable fo rtheir actions

190
Q

2 core beliefs of The Sphere Project

A

people affected by disaster/conflict have the right to life w/dignity an the right to assitance

all possibel steps should be tken to alleviate human suffering arising out of disaster

191
Q

important things the Sphere Project says about humanitarian aid

A

aid given regardless of race/creed/nationality/adverse distinction of any kind

aid priorities are on the basis of need alone

aid will not be used to further a particualr political/riligioun

don’t endeavor to be an instrumebnt of vov ernment foreign

attempt to build disaster resons eon local capacity

in information/publicity/addverstising actions and material, we shall recognize disaster victims as human beings versus helpless objects

192
Q

in kind

A

goods, services, and transactions not involving money or meaSURED IN MONETARY TERMS

193
Q

key indicators

A

ways to measure whether a standard is being achieved
- not to be confused with teh standard itself
progress indicators: units to measure the and monitor the achievement of a standard

target indications are specific quantifiable targets taht represent the quantifiable minimum below which the standard isn’t being met

194
Q

what is the Sphere Handbook

A

voluntary ownership of standards. expression of fundamental right to dignity

195
Q

MEAL

A

monitoring
evaluation
accountability
learning

196
Q

important to remember about power and resources

A

not all people have equal control of power and resources
- different capacities/needs/vulnerabilities and that changes over time

197
Q

how to determine the best ways assistance can be deliverd

A

consult populace,
analyze markets
know the way services are provided understnd the supply chain and logistical capcities
review reporting analytics

198
Q

assess current situatino/trends over time

A
  • who is affected
    needs/vulnerabiliteis
    displaced/mobile coping strategies and capacities
    who/what is affected
    peopel priorities
    protection/threats/risks
    security situation and rule of law
    seasonal varieties in hazarrds
    stakeholders/power relationships
    capacity
    intent of repsones
    lans of authority
    availability of goods/services
    market/supply chain
    capacity of infrastructure
    logistical capacities/constraints
199
Q

how to analyze a situation

A

what problems must/need to be addressed
- for what groups of people
-inho what geographical area
- over what time frame
-against what standards

200
Q

reviewing options for humanitarian/disaster relief

A

direct service delivery
commodity distribution
technical assitance
market-based programmign
cash-based assistance

201
Q

response options for HA/DR

A

urgency/timeliness
Feasibility
capacity
dignity
protectin/threat/risks
efficiency/cost effectivnes
resilience
national ovwersnip
gov policies

202
Q

what do projects need

A

accountability
feedback and compliance mechanisms
coordination
community engagement
select what indicators to monitor

203
Q

specific risks to kids in disasters

A

disabled kids have gerater risk
abandon/dneglect/family separation
trafficking
recruit to armed gruop
sexual violence
malnutrition…

204
Q

things to remember when doing a transition/exit strategy post HA/DR

A

local/national agreements, ownership, partnership

205
Q

disaggregated datea

A

information that has been broken down into component parts or smaller untis of data

206
Q
A

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