World Climates Flashcards
Name the hot climates
Desert, Savanna, Equatorial
Name the temperate climates
Cool temperate, warm temperate
Describe how a cactus has adapted in the desert
Thick bark to prevent loss of moisture
Roots spread over long distances
Stores water inside of it
Needles protect it from animals
Name the cold climates
Boreal, Tundra
Name the desert that is beside the Sahel
Sahara
Name 2 causes of desertification
Climate change and human factors
Name 3 solutions to desertification
Introducing new animal breeds
Planting more trees to bind the sand and create shelter
Dig deeper wells to find water
Explain conditions in a warm temperate climate
Summers are hot and dry
About 30 degrees in summer
Winters are mild and moist (400/700ml of rain)
About 6 degrees in winter
Explain conditions in a cool temperate climate
Warm summers
Mild winters
Rain throughout the year but most in winter
Weather is cloudy and changeable
Explain conditions in a boreal climate
Summers are short (10-15 degrees)
Winters are very cold (-25 degrees)
Low precipitation 400mm
Natural vegetation is taiga forest
Explain conditions in a tundra climate
Summers are short and cool (rarely over 15 degrees)
Winters are long and cold (-35 degrees)
Large temperature range
Not a lot of precipitation ( 250 mm a year) snow
Little vegetation
Animals migrate in winter
Give ways in which the camel has adapted to the desert
Thick and wide hooves for walking in the sand
Store fat in their humps when food is scarce
Long eyelashes to protect eyes from sand
Thick skin on their legs so they can kneel in hot sand
Explain conditions in a boreal climate
Summers are short (10-15 degrees)
Winters are very cold (-25 degrees)
Low precipitation 400mm
Natural vegetation is taiga forest
Explain conditions in a tundra climate
Summers are short and cool (rarely over 15 degrees)
Winters are long and cold (-35 degrees)
Large temperature range
Not a lot of precipitation ( 250 mm a year) snow
Little vegetation
Animals migrate in winter
Give characteristics of the taiga forest tree
Evergreen coniferous forest Needles prevent loss of moisture Branches of tree slope down Thick bark Permafrost gathers Shallow roots
Explain conditions in an Equatorial climate
Hot all year round (28 degrees)
One season
Rain every afternoon (2000mm a year)
Jungle
Explain conditions in a savanna climate
Hot all year round (30 degrees)
Two seasons (11:1)
Wet summers, dry winters
Scattered trees and grassland
Explain conditions in a hot desert climate
Day :(30-50 degrees) Night: 5 degrees
Very little rain less than 100mm a year
Long droughts followed by sudden downpours
Explain desertification
When deserts spread and turns land into desert. This happens when desert conditions are spread into the more fertile regions. Happens mostly around the edge of deserts. Ex. Sahel
Explain the effects desertification had on the Sahel in terms of climate
Rainfall became unreliable
Temperatures rose because of global warming
Droughts have occurred and water holes do rivers have started to dry up
Explain the effects human interference and desertification have had on the Sahel
People keeping large herds led to overgrazing of the land
Farmers crops fail with fertilisers because the soil is so dry
Trees and shrubs are cut down for heat and cooking. This speeds up soil erosion
What were the results of desertification in the Sahel region
Hundreds of thousands and millions of animals and people have died as a result of famine
Millions were forced to migrate to find food and many live in refugee camps
Many people moved into urban areas which led to grow of slums
Vast areas cannot support agriculture
Towns and villages have been swallowed by sand
