Settlement Flashcards
Show ere the first settlers in Ireland
Hunter gathers of Mount Sandel. They came here about 9000 years ago
When and where did the vikings settle in Ireland
Vikings came around 800AD, came from Scandinavia and settled along the coast, rivers and estuaries in ireland
When and where in Ireland did the Normans settle
Invaded in the 12th century and settled mainly in south and east of ireland.
What did the normans build and do in ireland
They built castles along banks of rivers so they could defend themselves and they continued to build up viking towns
Explain how and when monastries were set up in ireland
Monasteries built by monks after St Patrick came to Ireland
Built in remote places ex. Glendalough
Franciscans came in 1100s and set up monasteries to help people. Helped towns grow
What are plantation towns and give examples
In the 16th and 17th centuries parts of Ireland were planted or settled by British loyal to the queen of England
Explain primate city with example
A primate city is a city that is twice as big as the second biggest city in the same country
Ex. Dublin(twice size of Cork)
Name three factors that influence where towns and villages develop
Altitude
Rivers
Land quality
How does altitude influence where towns and villages develop
Little settlement occurs upland as it is too cold,wet, and windy. Also too difficult to build in mountains because of terrain
How does rivers influence where towns and villages develop
Rivers attract settlement in the past were important for water transport and food
How does land quality influence where towns and villages develop
Fertile land attracts settlement. This is why more people settled in the south and east of ireland
Explain polder
An area of reclaimed land from the sea ex. Netherlands
Why were the polders created in the netherlands
It is a small country and had a very high population density. Polders were created to give a new place to live for people, new facilities and farmland.
How were the polders created
- A large dam was built across the mouth of a large costal inlet
- Water was then pumped out of inlet, making dry land
- Roads, farms were built and laid out in strategic places on the land
- People moved onto the land
Give the function of a village and an example
Small range of services, groceries, petrol, church, school etc
Ex. Donabate
Give the function of a market settlement and an example
Provides more services banking, supermarket etc
Ex. Swords
Give the function of a defensive settlement and an example
Began on easily defended sites, castle ruins remaining
Ex. Swords, Dublin
Give the function of a resource based settlement and an example
Town develops around a coal mine or mineral mine
Ex. Navan
Give the function of a port settlement and an example
Town developed at a port
Ex. Dublin
Give the function of a residential settlement and an example
People live there but travel to nearby city to work each day
Ex. blanchardstown
Give three functions of Limerick city
Defensive- vikings, normans with castle
Market town- route focus, port helped to grow town
Residential - lots of suburbs, education
Give three functions of Navan
Residential function
Resource based function- tara mines, lead and zinc ore
Market function- lots of facilities
How did the function of navan really change after the mines were opened in 1970
When the lead and zinc mine was opened it brought alot of waelth and jobs to the area. The population of Navan increased aswell
In what way is navan a dormitory town
Many people who work in Dublin live in Navan and commute to work everyday because during Celtic tiger the pricing of houses in Dublin soared and it was cheaper in Navan
Name a settlemnt in the Rhine river basin
Köln
Give the functions of Köln
Multi functional.
Market function- major nodal point, market centre
Port- big river port, distribution centre
Recreational- large historic town and medieval architecture, pedestrianised
Name three examples of communication links between settlement
Irish road network
French railways
Rhine river transport
