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JC Geography > Population > Flashcards

Population Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did the worlds population increase

A

Agricultural revolution because there was a more stable food supply, less famine

Industrial/scientific revolution- better farming techniques. Advances in medicine and healthcare so more people’s lives are saved

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2
Q

Give the names for each stage in the population cycle

A 
Stage 1: high fluctuating stage
Stage 2: early expanding stage
Stage 3: late expanding stage
Stage4: low fluctuating stage
Stage 5: senile stage
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3
Q

Give the characteristics of the first stage in the population cycle

A

High birth rates and death rates. Low population growth due to famine, disease, and natural disasters eg. Medieval Europe

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4
Q

Give the characteristics of the second stage in the population cycle

A

The economy improves. Money is spent on healthcare and clean water. Birth rate stays high but death rate decreases because of improvements in healthcare eg.Mali

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5
Q

Give the characteristics of the third stage in the population cycle

A

Social and economic development continues. People start having less children as most children survive to adulthood. Education improves. Eg. Brazil

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6
Q

Give the characteristics of the fourth stage in the population cycle

A

The country is wealthy. Family planning is widespread. Low birth rates and death rates. Little population growth. Eg. Ireland

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7
Q

Give the characteristics of the fifth stage in the population cycle

A

People have few children. The death rate is higher than the birth rate meaning the population begins to decline.

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8
Q

What are the factors effecting population change

A 
Food supply
Improved technology
Health improvements
War
The status of women
Education
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9
Q

Explain how food supply impacts population change

A

When people have enough food they are likely to be healthy and live longer. Population grows when there is enough food

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10
Q

Explain how improved technology impacts population change

A

Farming technology and machinery has developed (ex. Irrigation) this boosts food amounts and population grows

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11
Q

Explain how health impacts population change

A

Improved access to clean water decreases risk of disease. Improved healthcare and vaccinations enables people to live longer

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12
Q

Explain how war impacts population change

A

People killed in wars. During wars agriculture, water and health services are destroyed and leads to increased death rates.

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13
Q

Explain how the status of women impacts population change

A

In wealthy countries women have a high status and are educated. Many choose to work rather than stay at home. Less children. Poorer countries many women have large families as they don’t work

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14
Q

Explain how education impacts population change

A

Education gives people knowledge about family planning. People learn about diet and healthcare and this allows people to care for their children properly so they grow up healthy

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15
Q

What do population pyramids do

A

They show the percentage of males and females in different age groups in a country or area

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16
Q

Why are population pyramids useful

A

Allow government to plan where to build hospitals or schools etc….

Also government to forecast tax and pension needs

17
Q

Explain population distribution

A

How people are spread throughout the world. Population distribution is very uneven

18
Q

Explain population density

A

The average number of people living in a square kilometre

19
Q

What effect does population growth have on the environment

A

Population growth means more deforestation, desertification, species extinction and global warming because there are more people on the planet

20
Q

Explain about the population change in west of Ireland

A

The population density of the west has changed a lot in the past 200 years

Before the famine the population rose sharply but during the famine lots of people died or emigrated.

Emigration continued after the famine as well so the population in the west has been declining for more than 100 years

21
Q

Why does Dublin have a high population density

A

A third of Ireland live in Dublin. The population density is about 1000 people per square kilometre

This is because:
Dublin is where the government sit
Ireland’s main port and Ireland’s main transport focus (nodal point)
Ireland’s most important education, cultural and commercial centre

Dublin attracts migrants and foreign companies

22
Q

Explain what the change of people from city to suburbs in Dublin was about and why did it happen

A

People moved to suburbs around 1960s, people spread north and west
Reasons Dublin west is popular is because:
Big roads travel west from Dublin
Facing the rest of Ireland easy for commuting
Lots of universities ex. Maynooth

23
Q

Explain about the population density in Brazil

A

Brazil has a huge population but the population is unevenly distributed
People live along the coast in big cities where population density is high
People don’t live inland where the is low population density
Brasilia the capital was set up to encourage people to travel to the inland areas

Inland areas are very hot with extreme climates and also land can be infertile because of huge amounts of rain

24
Q

Explain about population density in Sweden

A

The population of Sweden is unevenly distributed. Most people live in the south than the north

This is because :
southern Swedish terrain is very flat
South is warmer 
Industry is in the south
It can be hard to get resources in the north with snow,
25
Q

What and where is Calcutta

A

Calcutta is a city in India. One of the worlds largest cities and had a huge population density. It’s in a developing country and has a population of about 13 million people. High population density can cause problems

26
Q

What problems does Calcutta face because of high population densities

A

Shortage of clean water- people on shanty towns are not connected to the water supply and many people live on the streets. They do not have access to clean water. Many people drink unclean water
Overcrowding- more than 32000 people per km2. Living in shanty towns, streets, bridges
Pollution- waste thrown on street
Future growth - migrants and birth rate

27
Q

Explain the problems in Hong Kong because of high population density

A

Hong Kong is a wealthy country with a very high population density

Refugees- millions from neighbouring countries
Shortage of clean sea- polluted by industrial and household waste
Pollution- effects people’s health, traffic and factories. People wear masks during summer if pollution is bad
Overcrowding
Lack of space- most people live in hide rise flats and polders have been developed for airports and factories.

28
Q

Name some pull factors

A 
Culture
Jobs
Colleges
Housing
Transport
Social life
Health
29
Q

Name some push factors

A 
Services
No jobs
No social life
Lack of transport
Lack of colleges
30
Q

Name some barriers to migration

A 
Culture
Transport
War
Belongings
Language
Money
Border control/visa
Human trafficking
31
Q

Explain organised migration and give two examples of it

A

This is when the government undertook the settlement or colonisation of territory abroad.
Ex. Plantation of Ulster
Spanish colonisation of parts of South America

32
Q

Give reasons why population growth is good

A

The rapid population growth means children are living longer lives and get to experience adulthood. More people means more developments in technology and science.

33
Q

Why is population growth bad

A

However, this rapid population growth is causing huge problems on our planet. Many people now agree that there are too many people on the planet and that we should try to stop the population from increasing further.

•More people on the planet means more environmental damage such as deforestation, desertification, and species extinction. It is also contributing to the problem of global warming.

34
Q

Name two problems Mali suffers from because of having a low population density

A

Low marriage rates- men migrate to urban areas, decreases birth rates. Rural population goes into decline meaning services cannot be provided to these areas
Abandonment of land- desertification, job opportunities
Economic isolation- services are not available in rural areas because the population density is so low. No economic involvement

JC Geography (23 decks)

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