Word reference questions 🇺🇸 Flashcards
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In the fragment “Those in southern Europe” (line 23), the underlined word refers to “Women” (line 20).
Trecho: Though their fertility rates are below the 2.1 needed to sustain a population, high immigration means their populations have still grown. Those in southern Europe, the second group, have stagnated or shrunk. Fertility rates are lower; in some countries, emigrants have outnumbered immigrants since 2010.
folha 2 do curso de aprofundamento”
Item errado! ❌
“Those” (line 23) refers to “populations” (line 22), which have either leveled off or decreased.
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In line 39, the word “ready” refers to “mattresses”.
Trecho: In the 17th Century, a night of sleep went something like this. From as early as 21:00 to 23:00, those fortunate enough to afford them would begin flopping onto mattresses stuffed with straw, rags, or feathers, ready to sleep for a couple of hours.
folha 2 do curso de aprofundamento
Item errado! ❌
The word “ready” (line 39) refers to “those fortunate” (line 38).
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In the fragment “its environmental impact” (line 19), the underlined word refers to “paper” (line 19).
Trecho: But how sustainable is paper really? And what can be done to reduce its environmental impact? The process of making paper starts with the raw wood. Whichever type it comes from, wood is made up of cellulose fibres bound together with a natural glue called lignin. So the first step involves removing most of the lignin, to allow the cellulose fibres to separate and be re-moulded into a different shape.
folha 3 do curso de aprofundamento
Item certo! ✅
Its environmental impact refers to the environmental impact of paper, mentioned in the previous sentence.
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In the fragment “Whichever type it comes from” (line 20), the underlined word refers to “paper” (line 19).
Trecho: But how sustainable is paper really? And what can be done to reduce its environmental impact? The process of making paper starts with the raw wood. Whichever type it comes from, wood is made up of cellulose fibres bound together with a natural glue called lignin.
folha 3 do curso de aprofundamento
Item errado! ❌
“Whichever type it comes from” refers to “wood”, mentioned in the following clause (“wood is made up of cellulose fibres”).
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In the fragment “so that it can be disposed of safely” (line 28), the underlined word refers to “bleach” (line 28).
Trecho: After the pulping and bleaching is over, paper mills end up with water containing a cocktail of organic compounds, alkalis and bleach, which must be treated so that it can be disposed of safely. This can be a huge technical challenge, and some paper mills simply discharge the effluent straight into the local water supply, where it’s acutely toxic to fish and other wildlife - even at concentrations of just 2%.
folha 3 do curso de aprofundamento
Item errado! ❌
“So that it can be disposed of safely” refers to “a cocktail of organic compounds, alkalis and bleach” (line 27).
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
“This pattern” (line 14) refers to “range of pathogens” (line 12).
Trecho: Though some vaccines, like for polio, were initially popular, one noticeable pattern is the public getting used to a particular vaccine requirement over time, then some people getting spooked by a novel vaccine. “The United States has had vaccination mandates in place since the late 1970s,” says Lee Hampton, a paediatrician and medical epidemiologist. And Italy requires children to be vaccinated against a range of pathogens, such as hepatitis B, diphtheria, pertussis, poliovirus, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, measles, mumps, rubella and varicella. According to Hampton, “the mandates themselves… hadn’t really caused any issues. What has caused changes over time in those contexts is when what’s being mandated changes.” This pattern has been seen, for example, with new requirements for vaccination against hepatitis B, anthrax and now Covid-19.
folha 3 do curso de aprofundamento
Item errado! ❌
“This pattern” (line 14) refers to “one noticeable pattern” (line 9).
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In lines 43-44, the words “these exemptions” refer to “mandatory vaccinations” (line 43).
Trecho: From 1898, England allowed conscientious objections to mandatory vaccinations. However, it wasn’t until 1907 that these exemptions became relatively easy to get – eventually extending to one-quarter of all births.
folha 3 do curso de aprofundamento
Item errado! ❌
“These exemptions” (lines 43-44) refers to “conscientious objections to mandatory vaccinations” (line 43).
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In the sentence “Evidence for this is everywhere.” (line 20), the underlined word refers to “nationality” (line 19).
Trecho: Less glaring, but just as pernicious, is that rules of commerce are being rewritten around the world. The principle that investors and firms should be treated equally regardless of their nationality is being ditched. Evidence for this is everywhere. Geopolitical rivalry is gripping the tech industry, which accounts for about 20% of world stockmarkets.
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Item errado! ❌
“This” refers to the previous sentence (line 19) as a whole, that is, the fact that “The principle that investors and firms should be treated equally regardless of their nationality is being ditched.”
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In the fragment “some of which may need to be shifted” (line 35), the underlined word refers to “ground” (line 35).
Trecho: China hopes to agree on a regional trade deal this year, even as its tech firms expand across Asia. Companies have $30trn of cross-border investment in the ground, some of which may need to be shifted, sold or shut.
folha 4 do curso de aprofundamento
Item errado! ❌
The relative pronoun refers to investment in “investment in the ground” (line 35).
Based on the text, mark the following items as right (C) or wrong (E).
In line 11, “that occasion” refers to the Suez crisis.
Trecho: Worse disputes took place in 1956, amid the Suez crisis, and during the General Strike of 1926. When, on that occasion, the BBC eventually toed the government line, (…)
folha 4 do curso de aprofundamento
Item errado! ❌
“That occasion” (line 11) refers to “the General Strike of 1926” (line 11). The author uses “that” (instead of “this”) to refer to the last item mentioned (the General Strike) because it is distant in time in relation to the moment in which the text is written (there is a time lapse of almost a century). Using “this occasion” would mean the moment in which the writer is “located”, that is, 2022.
Inglês — Simulado Clipping 2024:
Decide whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E), according to text 1.
In the phrase “this is because liberals and cosmopolitans wrongly understand such problems in a ‘moment of crisis’,” (l. 39-41) “this” refers to the failure to address the causes of suffering.
Trecho: The abstract and individual rights, and the use of military force to vindicate them, do not address the root causes of human suffering; this is because liberals and cosmopolitans wrongly understand such problems in a “moment of crisis” rather than as part and parcel of an unequal and stratified world order.
Item certo! ✅
