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APEA Q-Bank > Women's Health > Flashcards

Women's Health Flashcards

1
Q

A hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age that causes prolonged menstruation or excessive androgen levels is:

A

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

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2
Q

In women, the growth of coarse, dark hair in areas not typically for this hair type is a sign of:

A

Hirsutism

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3
Q

Which phase of the menstrual cycle involved the closure of a ruptured follicle after ovum release?

A

Luteal

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4
Q

An immature female gamete is termed:

A

An oocyte

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5
Q

Which type of suppressor proteins are produced by BRCA1 and BRCA2?

A

Tumor

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6
Q

A clinical syndrome resulting from loss of normal vaginal flora, decreased lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobic organisms is:

A

Bacterial vaginitis

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7
Q

Which hormone is responsible for ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum?

A

Leuteinizing hormone

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8
Q

Which hormone is responsible for breast development?

A

Estrogen

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9
Q

Which hormone increases during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle to prepare the uterus for ovum fertilization?

A

Estrogen

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10
Q

In women, bacteria in the lower genital tract may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease due to:

A

The effects of estrogen levels on cervical mucus viscosity

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11
Q

Overgrowth of endometrial cells in the lining of the uterus may lead to a(n):

A

Polyp

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12
Q

Which one of the following statements about bacterial vaginosis is NOT correct?

A

It is a sexually transmitted disease

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13
Q

The milk-producing gland of a woman is the:

A

Mammary gland

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14
Q

Which phase of the menstrual cycle begins with a surge in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone?

A

Ovulatory

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15
Q

Which one of the following is a pathogen commonly associated with mastitis?

A

Staphlococcus aureus

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16
Q

Herniation of the rectum into the vagina is termed:

A

Rectocele

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17
Q

Uterine prolapse is caused by stretching of the uterine:

A

Ligaments

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18
Q

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is associated with:

A

Decreased estrogen

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19
Q

PCOS is associated with clinical findings of obesity due to:

A

Hyperinsulinemia

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20
Q

Hirsutism is due to:

A

Excess testosterone

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21
Q

When an ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum stops producing:

A

Progesterone

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22
Q

Fibrocystic breast disease is influenced by:

A

Estrogen predominance and progesterone deficiency

23
Q

Which one of the following is likely to decrease breast cancer risk?

A

Regular physical activity

24
Q

The gynecologic disorder that occurs when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus is:

A

Endometriosis

25
Q

The main risk factor associated with uterine prolapse is:

A

Pregnancy

26
Q

Which one of the following is NOT regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone?

A

Parity

27
Q

Which one of the following is sometimes described as nodular, sensitive breasts?

A

Fibrocycstic breast disease

28
Q

Which hormone is elevated during days 1-13 of the menstrual cycle?

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone

29
Q

During the ovulatory phase, which hormone stimulates the follicle to rupture and release the ovum?

A

Leutinizing

30
Q

When evaluating anovulation in a patient with PCOS, the hormone most likely elevated is:

A

Luteinizing

31
Q

Which one of the following is NOT a pathological characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)?

A

Low luteinizing hormone

32
Q

Which one of the following is NOT a complication associated with uterine prolapse?

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

33
Q

Which risk factor may NOT be associated with the development of breast cancer?

A

Short stature

34
Q

Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) typically have:

A

Hyperinsulinemia

35
Q

Which type of adenoma is associated with the highest cancer risk?

A

Villous adenomas

36
Q

Lack of which hormone can cause failure of the ovarian follicles to mature to the point of ovulation?

A

Progesterone

37
Q

During which phase of menstruation does the endometrium shed and bleeding occur?

A

Follicular

38
Q

When the uterosacral ligament weakens and forms a herniation is called:

A

Enterocele

39
Q

During which phase of menstruation does the endometrium shed and bleeding occur?

A

Follicular

40
Q

When the uterosacral ligament weakens and forms a herniation is called:

A

Enterocele

41
Q

Dysfunctional menstrual cycles are related to alterations in:

A

Estrogen

42
Q

After ovulation, the corpus luteum predominantly secretes which hormone to prepare the uterus for implantation of a fertilized ovary?

A

Progesterone

43
Q

Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with excessive levels of androgens in women?

A

Premenstrual syndrome

44
Q

The most common reason women have abnormal cervical cytology is infection with

A

Human papillomavirus infection

45
Q

The odor associated with bacterial vaginosis can be initiated with the application of:

A

Potassium hydroxide

46
Q

When bone resorption exceeds bone formation in postmenopausal women, they become more susceptible to:

A

Osteopenia

47
Q

Which breast condition is NOT part of a heterogenous group of benign breast lesions?

A

Luminal A

48
Q

Patients with PCOS are at higher risk for developing:

A

Type 2 diabetes

49
Q

A herniation of the bladder into the vagina is termed:

A

Cystocele

50
Q

A 34-year-old woman complains of fewer than nine menstrual periods in 1 year and no menstrual periods for 3 consecutive months. Which is the most appropriate diagnosis for this woman?

A

Menstrual dysfunction

51
Q

The most common pelvic tumor is a benign neoplasm of smooth muscle origin that is termed:

A

A fibroid

52
Q

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) abnormally metabolize:

A

Androgens and estrogen

53
Q

Benign epithelial neoplasms that arise from the epithelial cells lining the colon are:

A

Polyps

54
Q

Which of the following is a yeast pathogen associated with vaginitis?

A

Candida albicans

APEA Q-Bank (15 decks)

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