Women's Health Flashcards
A hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age that causes prolonged menstruation or excessive androgen levels is:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
In women, the growth of coarse, dark hair in areas not typically for this hair type is a sign of:
Hirsutism
Which phase of the menstrual cycle involved the closure of a ruptured follicle after ovum release?
Luteal
An immature female gamete is termed:
An oocyte
Which type of suppressor proteins are produced by BRCA1 and BRCA2?
Tumor
A clinical syndrome resulting from loss of normal vaginal flora, decreased lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobic organisms is:
Bacterial vaginitis
Which hormone is responsible for ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum?
Leuteinizing hormone
Which hormone is responsible for breast development?
Estrogen
Which hormone increases during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle to prepare the uterus for ovum fertilization?
Estrogen
In women, bacteria in the lower genital tract may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease due to:
The effects of estrogen levels on cervical mucus viscosity
Overgrowth of endometrial cells in the lining of the uterus may lead to a(n):
Polyp
Which one of the following statements about bacterial vaginosis is NOT correct?
It is a sexually transmitted disease
The milk-producing gland of a woman is the:
Mammary gland
Which phase of the menstrual cycle begins with a surge in luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone?
Ovulatory
Which one of the following is a pathogen commonly associated with mastitis?
Staphlococcus aureus
Herniation of the rectum into the vagina is termed:
Rectocele
Uterine prolapse is caused by stretching of the uterine:
Ligaments
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is associated with:
Decreased estrogen
PCOS is associated with clinical findings of obesity due to:
Hyperinsulinemia
Hirsutism is due to:
Excess testosterone
When an ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum stops producing:
Progesterone
Fibrocystic breast disease is influenced by:
Estrogen predominance and progesterone deficiency
Which one of the following is likely to decrease breast cancer risk?
Regular physical activity
The gynecologic disorder that occurs when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus is:
Endometriosis
The main risk factor associated with uterine prolapse is:
Pregnancy
Which one of the following is NOT regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone?
Parity
Which one of the following is sometimes described as nodular, sensitive breasts?
Fibrocycstic breast disease
Which hormone is elevated during days 1-13 of the menstrual cycle?
Follicle-stimulating hormone
During the ovulatory phase, which hormone stimulates the follicle to rupture and release the ovum?
Leutinizing
When evaluating anovulation in a patient with PCOS, the hormone most likely elevated is:
Luteinizing
Which one of the following is NOT a pathological characteristic of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)?
Low luteinizing hormone
Which one of the following is NOT a complication associated with uterine prolapse?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Which risk factor may NOT be associated with the development of breast cancer?
Short stature
Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) typically have:
Hyperinsulinemia
Which type of adenoma is associated with the highest cancer risk?
Villous adenomas
Lack of which hormone can cause failure of the ovarian follicles to mature to the point of ovulation?
Progesterone
During which phase of menstruation does the endometrium shed and bleeding occur?
Follicular
When the uterosacral ligament weakens and forms a herniation is called:
Enterocele
During which phase of menstruation does the endometrium shed and bleeding occur?
Follicular
When the uterosacral ligament weakens and forms a herniation is called:
Enterocele
Dysfunctional menstrual cycles are related to alterations in:
Estrogen
After ovulation, the corpus luteum predominantly secretes which hormone to prepare the uterus for implantation of a fertilized ovary?
Progesterone
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with excessive levels of androgens in women?
Premenstrual syndrome
The most common reason women have abnormal cervical cytology is infection with
Human papillomavirus infection
The odor associated with bacterial vaginosis can be initiated with the application of:
Potassium hydroxide
When bone resorption exceeds bone formation in postmenopausal women, they become more susceptible to:
Osteopenia
Which breast condition is NOT part of a heterogenous group of benign breast lesions?
Luminal A
Patients with PCOS are at higher risk for developing:
Type 2 diabetes
A herniation of the bladder into the vagina is termed:
Cystocele
A 34-year-old woman complains of fewer than nine menstrual periods in 1 year and no menstrual periods for 3 consecutive months. Which is the most appropriate diagnosis for this woman?
Menstrual dysfunction
The most common pelvic tumor is a benign neoplasm of smooth muscle origin that is termed:
A fibroid
Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) abnormally metabolize:
Androgens and estrogen
Benign epithelial neoplasms that arise from the epithelial cells lining the colon are:
Polyps
Which of the following is a yeast pathogen associated with vaginitis?
Candida albicans
