Orthopedics Flashcards
The principal cellular mediators of inflammation are
Leukocytes
Anterior dislocation of the hip is called
Teratologic dislocation
A lateral deviation of the spinal column that may cause rotation or deformity in the vertebrae is termed:
Scoliosis
The bone that is most frequently fractured at birth is the:
Clavicle
Which of the following is a physical assessment test to assist in the diagnosis of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Trendelenburg sign
The most common site of curvature in a patient with scoliosis is:
The right thoracic spine
Which orthopedic condition is described as an abnormality of the epiphyseal ossification of the tibial tubercule?
Osgood-Schlatter disease
Rickets is a disorder caused by:
Inadequate vitamin D
In which condition does the femoral head partially displace during a pediatric physical assessment?
Subluxable hip
At what age is maximal bone mass attained?
30 years
An X-ray of the right knee in a 10-year-old boy reporting right knee pain shows calcified thickening and heterotopic ossification of the tibial tuberosity and soft tissue swelling. What is the diagnosis?
Osgood-Schlatter disease
A non-malignant synovial swelling of the popliteal fossa resulting from distention of the gastrocnemial-semimembranous bursa is:
A baker’s cyst
Displacement of the femoral head that produces instability of the growth plate is called:
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Stabilizing the pelvis with one hand and adducting the opposite hip by applying a posterior force is known as:
Barlows maneuver
The posterior fontanelle of the newborn:
Closes as a result of ossification and turns to bone tissue
The pathologic hallmark of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is:
Inflamed synovial tissue
The major clinical manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis is:
Joint swelling
Which one of the following is NOT an underlying neuromuscular disorder that causes development dysplasia of the hip?
Myasthenia gravis
Which of the following substances may be associated with the production of crystals in the joints of a patient with gout?
Uric acid
Which one of the following is associated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis in a pediatric patient?
Osteonecrosis
Which one of the following conditions is the entrapment neuropathy that causes mechanical compression and local ischemia damage to the median nerve?
Carpal tunnel syndrome
In the case of septic arthritis secondary to septicemia, bacteria initially deposit in the:
Synovial membrane
The pediatric orthopedic condition described as osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis due to interrupted vascular supply that results in ischemia and alteration in cartilage growth is:
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
The condition characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue is:
Osteoporosis
Progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone causing joint pain is:
Osteoarthritis
A congenital deformity of the foot that causes plantar flexion is
Talipes equinovarus
The orthopedic finding of metatarsalgia and callus formation in the plantar area of the MTP joint is called
Hammer toe deformity
The skeletal disorder characterized by loss of total bone mass and increase bone fragility is termed:
Osetoporosis
Which one of the following diseases is associated with neuromuscular scoliosis
Cerebral palsy
The agents responsible for bone resorption in the process of bone remodeling are:
Osteoclasts
Which risk factor is commonly associated with the trigger of a gouty attack?
Alcohol use
A 50-year-old woman reports morning joint stiffness that lasts less than 1 hour and resumes after activity. During physical examination, the NP detects crepitus. The symptom indicates:
Osetoarthritis
A 54-year-old woman reports left wrist stiffness at rest and with movement. An X-ray of the left wrist identifies joint space narrowing, bony erosion in the joint, and reduced bone density surrounding the joint. What is the probable diagnosis?
Rheumatic arthritis
A pathologic alteration in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and longus tendons as a result of overuse is:
Lateral epicondylitis
Osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in:
Vitamin D
The most common cause of a septic arthritis is:
Staphylococcus aureus
Synovial fluid does NOT:
Regenerate bone epiphyses
Which of the following is NOT a result of nerve compression associated with carpal tunnel syndrome?
Osteomalacia of the surrounding bones
Flinkelstein maneuver is a test to assist in the diagnosis of:
DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis
Osteoporosis prevention involves a recommended intake of:
Calcium and vitamin D
Which orthopedic condition produces joint pain and inflammation due to deposition of monosodium urate crystals into joints?
Gout
