Orthopedics

Question 1

The principal cellular mediators of inflammation are

Answer 1

Leukocytes

Question 2

Anterior dislocation of the hip is called

Answer 2

Teratologic dislocation

Question 3

A lateral deviation of the spinal column that may cause rotation or deformity in the vertebrae is termed:

Answer 3

Scoliosis

Question 4

The bone that is most frequently fractured at birth is the:

Answer 4

Clavicle

Question 5

Which of the following is a physical assessment test to assist in the diagnosis of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?

Answer 5

Trendelenburg sign

Question 6

The most common site of curvature in a patient with scoliosis is:

Answer 6

The right thoracic spine

Question 7

Which orthopedic condition is described as an abnormality of the epiphyseal ossification of the tibial tubercule?

Answer 7

Osgood-Schlatter disease

Question 8

Rickets is a disorder caused by:

Answer 8

Inadequate vitamin D

Question 9

In which condition does the femoral head partially displace during a pediatric physical assessment?

Answer 9

Subluxable hip

Question 10

At what age is maximal bone mass attained?

Answer 10

30 years

Question 11

An X-ray of the right knee in a 10-year-old boy reporting right knee pain shows calcified thickening and heterotopic ossification of the tibial tuberosity and soft tissue swelling. What is the diagnosis?

Answer 11

Osgood-Schlatter disease

Question 12

A non-malignant synovial swelling of the popliteal fossa resulting from distention of the gastrocnemial-semimembranous bursa is:

Answer 12

A baker’s cyst

Question 13

Displacement of the femoral head that produces instability of the growth plate is called:

Answer 13

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Question 14

Stabilizing the pelvis with one hand and adducting the opposite hip by applying a posterior force is known as:

Answer 14

Barlows maneuver

Question 15

The posterior fontanelle of the newborn:

Answer 15

Closes as a result of ossification and turns to bone tissue

Question 16

The pathologic hallmark of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is:

Answer 16

Inflamed synovial tissue

Question 17

The major clinical manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis is:

Answer 17

Joint swelling

Question 18

Which one of the following is NOT an underlying neuromuscular disorder that causes development dysplasia of the hip?

Answer 18

Myasthenia gravis

Question 19

Which of the following substances may be associated with the production of crystals in the joints of a patient with gout?

Answer 19

Uric acid

Question 20

Which one of the following is associated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis in a pediatric patient?

Answer 20

Osteonecrosis

Question 21

Which one of the following conditions is the entrapment neuropathy that causes mechanical compression and local ischemia damage to the median nerve?

Answer 21

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 22

In the case of septic arthritis secondary to septicemia, bacteria initially deposit in the:

Answer 22

Synovial membrane

Question 23

The pediatric orthopedic condition described as osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis due to interrupted vascular supply that results in ischemia and alteration in cartilage growth is:

Answer 23

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Question 24

The condition characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue is:

Answer 24

Osteoporosis

Question 25

Progressive destruction of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone causing joint pain is:

Answer 25

Osteoarthritis

Question 26

A congenital deformity of the foot that causes plantar flexion is

Answer 26

Talipes equinovarus

Question 27

The orthopedic finding of metatarsalgia and callus formation in the plantar area of the MTP joint is called

Answer 27

Hammer toe deformity

Question 28

The skeletal disorder characterized by loss of total bone mass and increase bone fragility is termed:

Answer 28

Osetoporosis

Question 29

Which one of the following diseases is associated with neuromuscular scoliosis

Answer 29

Cerebral palsy

Question 30

The agents responsible for bone resorption in the process of bone remodeling are:

Answer 30

Osteoclasts

Question 31

Which risk factor is commonly associated with the trigger of a gouty attack?

Answer 31

Alcohol use

Question 32

A 50-year-old woman reports morning joint stiffness that lasts less than 1 hour and resumes after activity. During physical examination, the NP detects crepitus. The symptom indicates:

Answer 32

Osetoarthritis

Question 33

A 54-year-old woman reports left wrist stiffness at rest and with movement. An X-ray of the left wrist identifies joint space narrowing, bony erosion in the joint, and reduced bone density surrounding the joint. What is the probable diagnosis?

Answer 33

Rheumatic arthritis

Question 34

A pathologic alteration in the musculotendinous origins of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and longus tendons as a result of overuse is:

Answer 34

Lateral epicondylitis

Question 35

Osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in:

Answer 35

Vitamin D

Question 36

The most common cause of a septic arthritis is:

Answer 36

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 37

Synovial fluid does NOT:

Answer 37

Regenerate bone epiphyses

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a result of nerve compression associated with carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 38

Osteomalacia of the surrounding bones

Question 39

Flinkelstein maneuver is a test to assist in the diagnosis of:

Answer 39

DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis

Question 40

Osteoporosis prevention involves a recommended intake of:

Answer 40

Calcium and vitamin D

Question 41

Which orthopedic condition produces joint pain and inflammation due to deposition of monosodium urate crystals into joints?

Answer 41

Gout