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APEA Q-Bank > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

When educating a parent about the nonpharmacologic management of coup, the NP should recommend

A

use of a cool mist humidifier

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2
Q

A 2-year old girl is evaluated for a barking cough. The NP suspects that this cough is a result of

A

subglottic edema

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3
Q

The most common pathogen that causes pneumonia in young adults is

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

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4
Q

An infection of the tracheobronchial tree that causes reversible bronchial inflammation is

A

bronchitis

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5
Q

Croup is characterized by

A

barking cough

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6
Q

Respiratory alkalosis is most commonly caused by

A

hyperventilation

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7
Q

Which statement about respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is true

A

RSV is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients 65 years and older

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8
Q

Atelectasis is defined as

A

diminished volume in all or a portion of a lung

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9
Q

The leading cause of lower respiratory infections in infants and young children is

A

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

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10
Q

Inflammation of the bronchioles that results in obstruction of the small airway is

A

bronchiolitis

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11
Q

A highly contagious acute respiratory illness characterized by paroxysmal cough is

A

pertussis

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12
Q

A 14-year old boy reports cough and chest tightness during exercise. He is most likely experiencing

A

bronchospasms

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13
Q

A pediatric patient is being evaluated for complaints of an intense “whooping” cough with posttussive vomiting. Which stage of pertussis is suggested by these symptoms

A

paroxysmal

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14
Q

All patients with altered lung function associated with possible COPD should be assessed for airflow obstruction using

A

spirometry

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15
Q

A lung disease characterized by enlargement of the alveolar ducts and air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles is

A

emphysema

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16
Q

Whooping cough is caused by

A

bordetella pertussis

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17
Q

An 8-year old girl has experienced acute, self-limiting symptoms of nasal congestion and hoarseness for 2 days. The NP assesses the upper respiratory tract mucosa and identifies transillumination of the sinuses. The symptoms are consistent with

A

the common cold

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18
Q

In the US, the leading cause of mortality in infants younger than 1 year is

A

Sudden Unexplained Infants Death

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19
Q

Diagnostic studies to identify cystic fibrosis include a sweat test that measures

A

chloride

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20
Q

The presence of air or gas in the intrapleural cavity is called

A

pneumothorax

21
Q

A hallmark assessment finding a patient with moderate to severe coup is

A

stridor

22
Q

Inflammation of the bronchioles and trachea that usually follows an upper respiratory tract infection in adults is

A

acute bronchitis

23
Q

Which statement about respiratory acidosis is correct

A

Partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide increases due to rapid production of carbon dioxide and ventilation failure

24
Q

Which one of the following symptoms is common in a patient who has asthma

A

nonproductive cough

25
Q

A common assessment finding in patients with cystic fibrosis is steatorrhea due to

A

pancreatic insufficiency

26
Q

The most common cause of croup is

A

parainfluenza virus

27
Q

Which of the following is true about influenza viruses

A

Influenza A viruses cause most human infections

28
Q

Mucous production resulting from hyperplasia of the mucous membrane lining the bronchial wall describes

A

chronic bronchitis

29
Q

Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is transmitted via

A

respiratory droplets

30
Q

Acute respiratory consequences of pulmonary embolism include

A

pulmonary infarction

31
Q

An acute hemodynamic consequence of a pulmonary embolism that may cause significant mortality is

A

right ventricular failure

32
Q

The mechanism that prevents the collapse of alveoli by maintaining surface tension is

A

surfactant

33
Q

What is the most common virus associated with bronchiolitis

A

RSV

34
Q

Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) is not typically associated with

A

chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD)

35
Q

The influenza virus

A

may be transmitted before onset of symptoms

36
Q

Which of the following statements accurately describes the primary physiologic effect of emphysema ?

A

Air trapping and loss of elastic recoil in the lungs

37
Q

Annual influenza vaccination is necessary due to

A

antigenic variation

38
Q

An incentive spirometer is used to determine

A

peak expiratory flow

39
Q

A child diagnosed with bronchiolitis is at risk for developing

A

acute otitis media

40
Q

Which factor is NOT included in the Virchow’s Triad, which predisposes a patient to pulmonary embolism

A

pulmonary infarction

41
Q

Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of pulmonary edema

A

a cough that produces pink, frothy sputum

42
Q

Which one of the following cellular elements is NOT involved in the inflammation associated with asthma

A

monocytes

43
Q

Inspiratory stridor with croup suggests narrowing of the

A

larynx

44
Q

A finding NOT associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is

A

regeneration of epithelial cells lining the alveoli

45
Q

A highly contagious, acute febrile viral illness of the respiratory tract is associated with significant morbidity and mortality is

A

influenza

46
Q

Results from spirometry testing of a 60-year old man indicate an FEV1/FVC<70%, 30% FEVI <80% predicted. Given these results, expected symptoms in this patient would include

A

productive cough and dyspnea on exertion

47
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a risk factor associated with

A

asthma

48
Q

Cystic fibrosis is

A

autosomal recessive (child receives one mutated gene from each parent, parent does not express the disease)

49
Q

The system that tries to compensate for acute respiratory acidosis is

A

the renal system

APEA Q-Bank (15 decks)

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