Gastroenterology

Question 1

What type of hernia involves bulging of the stomach through the diaphragm and into the chest

Answer 1

hiatal hernia

Question 2

In evaluating a patient with nausea, the differential diagnosis that would include a central nervous system cause is

Answer 2

vertigo

Question 3

Extraintestinal manifestations of Chron’s disease include

Answer 3

cholithiasis

Question 4

Which of the following is a diffuse hepatic process characterized by fibrosis and conversion of the normal liver tissue into structurally abnormal nodules

Answer 4

cirrhosis

Question 5

Which of the following is associated with the development conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 5

impaired bile flow

Question 6

a 46-year old construction worker seeks evaluation of a protruding mass he noticed after lifting a heavy rock. He is now experiencing pain with coughing. The history and symptoms are suspicious for

Answer 6

inguinal hernia

Question 7

A cluster of vascular tissue, smooth muscle, and connective tissue lining the anal canal is known as

Answer 7

hemorrhoids

Question 8

Which one of the following is NOT an enzyme produced in the pancreas

Answer 8

pepsin

Question 9

A hiatal hernia occurs when a defect in the diaphragm permits profusion of the

Answer 9

stomach

Question 10

Diarrhea is caused by an incomplete absorption of water from the

Answer 10

large intestine

Question 11

The most common cause of infectious esophagitis is

Answer 11

candida

Question 12

Diverticulosis is common where diets are low in

Answer 12

fiber

Question 13

Hepatic steatosis develops as a result of

Answer 13

accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes

Question 14

The backflow of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus is known as

Answer 14

gastroesophageal reflux

Question 15

Five neurotransmitter sites are important in the vomiting reflex. The neurotransmitter NOT associated with the vomiting reflex is

Answer 15

glutamine

Question 16

The most common cause of constipation originating outside the colon is deficiency of

Answer 16

fiber

Question 17

A complication NOT commonly associate with Crohn’s disease is

Answer 17

peritonitis

Question 18

A patient with early satiety, small volume emesis, and bloating is most likely experiencing

Answer 18

gastroparesis

Question 19

Which statement about Crohn’s disease is true

Answer 19

Crohn’s disease is characterized by mucosal ulceration and inflammation anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract

Question 20

One of the many sequelae associated with cirrhosis is hepatic encephalopathy. It is caused by the inability of the liver to

Answer 20

detoxify ammonia

Question 21

Factors that lead to reflux do NOT include

Answer 21

constipation

Question 22

The most common site for diverticulosis to occur is the

Answer 22

sigmoid colon

Question 23

A 50-year old man is being evaluated for complaints of an umbilical mass that cannot be reduced by manipulation. The NP suspects

Answer 23

incarcerated hernia

Question 24

The type of hernia in which the hernial sac protrudes directly through the abdominal wall in the region of Hesselbach triangle is called an

Answer 24

inguinal hernia

Question 25

Hemolytic disease of the newborn may lead to accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain, which can cause kernicterus. A characteristic of unconjugated bilirubin is that it

Answer 25

is lipid soluble

Question 26

Acute inflammation and autodigestion in the pancreas lead to an elevation in

Answer 26

amylase and lipase levels

Question 27

Which mechanism is NOT associated with the development of jaundice

Answer 27

increased hepatocyte uptake

Question 28

Mechanical and chemical receptors in the GI tract that trigger nausea are communicated to the brain primarily by the

Answer 28

vagal nerve

Question 29

An incarcerated hernia in which blood supply to the entrapped bowel has been diminished is referred to as

Answer 29

strangulation

Question 30

The most common cause of bilirubin overproduction, resulting in jaundice, is

Answer 30

hemolytic anemia

Question 31

The pancreatic enzymes amylase and lipase are inactivated when the pH is below

Answer 31

5

Question 32

Normal function of the pancreas does NOT include the ability to

Answer 32

decrease the serum concentration of fatty acids

Question 33

Inflammation of the pear-shaped, muscular sac that stores bile is called

Answer 33

cholecystitis

Question 34

Gastrointestinal infections with helicobacter infection cause

Answer 34

a decreased production of gastric acid