Endocrine Flashcards
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin are produced in the
hypothalamus
Patients with hypothyroidism are also likely to have elevated
lipid levels
The character feature of Graves disease does NOT include
constipation
A simple non-toxic goiter
may be enlarged secondary to lack of iodine in the diet
Synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormones depend on the presence of
iodine
In thyrotoxic crisis, T3 and T4 are overproduced, causing hypermetabolism from the overproduction of
epinephrine
The complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes that is NOT microvascular complication is
peripheral artery disease
In the presence of acute adrenal insufficiency, the underproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands may cause the patient to experience
hypoglycemia
The adrenal glands are responsible for producing
epinephrine
A patient with elevated thyroid-stimulating (TSH) level is mostly likely to have
hypothyroidism
As a result of prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, the patient with Cushing’s syndrome is likely to develop
moon facies
Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis include
cardiac arrythmia
Which one of the following is decreased in Addison’s disease
aldosterone
Guillain-Barre syndrome is most commonly triggered by recent
digestive tract infection
A common characteristic of a person with Grave’s disease is
opthalmopathy (bulging eyes)
A 42-year old woman complains of palpitations, anxiety and weight loss. Which two lab tests would be most helpful in diagnosis this patient
Free T3 and T4
In a patient with hyperglycemia, the NP knows that the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) will not produce
ketogenesis
Risk factors that predispose a patient to Graves disease include
female sex
An autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by antibodies that act through normal TSH receptors is
Graves’ disease
Which of the following laboratory findings are present after adrenal stimulation with early stage Addison’s disease
increased cortisol levels
The most common signs of newly diagnosed diabetes include
polyuria
Acute complications of untreated diabetes insipidus would NOT include
hypervolemia
When calcium levels are low, the negative feedback system
stimulates the parathyroid gland to release parathyroid hormones
Hyperglycemia in patients who have Type 2 diabetes can cause
thirst
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by
beta cell destruction
A negative feedback system regulates the endocrine system by
inhibiting hormone overproduction
Which diagnosis is associated with T cell-mediated destruction of beta cells in the pancreas
Type 1 diabetes
Which hormone is NOT one of the four types of trophic hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland
growth hormone
Patients with Graves disease may experience comorbid diseases including
Lupus erythematosus
A 54-year old patient with diabetes presents with fatigue and the NP suspects diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Other symptoms related to DKA include
fruity breath
Which of the following hormones is NOT essential for normal body growth and maturation in children
adrenalin
The disease caused by hyperfunctioning of the thyroid gland is known as
hyperthyroidism
A patient with an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level most likely has
hypothyroidism
Diabetes is the leading cause of
end stage renal disease (ESRD)
Hypofunction of the adrenal cortex that results in an inadequate release of glucocorticoids is
Addison’s disease
The acute metabolic complication that occurs in patients with diabetes is
ketoacidosis
In addition to decreased plasma cortisol levels, the laboratory findings of a patient in adrenal crisis would include
decreased serum sodium levels
An autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by antibodies that acct through normal TSH receptors is
Graves disease
In addition to elevated blood glucose levels, the initial laboratory findings in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis would include
decreased bicarbonate levels
The most common cause of hypothyroidism is
Hashimoto’s disease
Which of the following is decreased in Addison’s disease
aldosterone
An extreme and life-threatening form of thyrotoxicosis is called
thyroid storm
The complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes that is a macrovascular complication is
coronary artery disease
What percent of beta cells in the pancreas must be destroyed before hyperglycemia develops
80%
The release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior gland is stimulated by reduced circulating volume and
increased serum osmolality
The macrovascular disease that is the leading cause of death in a patient with diabetes is
cardiovascular disease
Which one of the following is NOT a cause of short stature in children
early estrogen and androgen secretion
The most common cause of secondary hypothyroidism is
low secretion of thyrotropin hormone by the pituitary gland
Diabetes mellitus is NOT a disorder in the metabolism of
iron
Which one of the following is necessary for linear bone growth in children
growth hormone
In a patient with diabetes insipidus, the reabsorption of water by the renal tubular collecting ducts can lead to
increased serum sodium
The thyroid hormone that is responsible for calcium regurgitation
thyrocalcitonin
The majority of patients with simple goiters are expected to have
a euthyroid state
Cushing’s disease is characterized by physical abnormalities that occur when the adrenal glands secrete excess
glucocorticoids
Which of the following is NOT a common secondary cause of Type 2 diabetes
autoimmune disease
The disorder that is caused by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is known as
Diabetes insipidus
Most common cause of hyperthyroidism is
Graves disease
