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APEA Q-Bank > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin are produced in the

A

hypothalamus

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2
Q

Patients with hypothyroidism are also likely to have elevated

A

lipid levels

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3
Q

The character feature of Graves disease does NOT include

A

constipation

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4
Q

A simple non-toxic goiter

A

may be enlarged secondary to lack of iodine in the diet

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5
Q

Synthesis and secretion of the thyroid hormones depend on the presence of

A

iodine

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6
Q

In thyrotoxic crisis, T3 and T4 are overproduced, causing hypermetabolism from the overproduction of

A

epinephrine

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7
Q

The complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes that is NOT microvascular complication is

A

peripheral artery disease

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8
Q

In the presence of acute adrenal insufficiency, the underproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands may cause the patient to experience

A

hypoglycemia

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9
Q

The adrenal glands are responsible for producing

A

epinephrine

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9
Q

A patient with elevated thyroid-stimulating (TSH) level is mostly likely to have

A

hypothyroidism

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10
Q

As a result of prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, the patient with Cushing’s syndrome is likely to develop

A

moon facies

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11
Q

Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis include

A

cardiac arrythmia

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12
Q

Which one of the following is decreased in Addison’s disease

A

aldosterone

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13
Q

Guillain-Barre syndrome is most commonly triggered by recent

A

digestive tract infection

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14
Q

A common characteristic of a person with Grave’s disease is

A

opthalmopathy (bulging eyes)

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15
Q

A 42-year old woman complains of palpitations, anxiety and weight loss. Which two lab tests would be most helpful in diagnosis this patient

A

Free T3 and T4

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16
Q

In a patient with hyperglycemia, the NP knows that the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) will not produce

A

ketogenesis

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17
Q

Risk factors that predispose a patient to Graves disease include

A

female sex

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18
Q

An autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by antibodies that act through normal TSH receptors is

A

Graves’ disease

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19
Q

Which of the following laboratory findings are present after adrenal stimulation with early stage Addison’s disease

A

increased cortisol levels

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20
Q

The most common signs of newly diagnosed diabetes include

A

polyuria

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21
Q

Acute complications of untreated diabetes insipidus would NOT include

A

hypervolemia

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22
Q

When calcium levels are low, the negative feedback system

A

stimulates the parathyroid gland to release parathyroid hormones

23
Q

Hyperglycemia in patients who have Type 2 diabetes can cause

A

thirst

24
Q

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by

A

beta cell destruction

25
Q

A negative feedback system regulates the endocrine system by

A

inhibiting hormone overproduction

26
Q

Which diagnosis is associated with T cell-mediated destruction of beta cells in the pancreas

A

Type 1 diabetes

27
Q

Which hormone is NOT one of the four types of trophic hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland

A

growth hormone

28
Q

Patients with Graves disease may experience comorbid diseases including

A

Lupus erythematosus

29
Q

A 54-year old patient with diabetes presents with fatigue and the NP suspects diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Other symptoms related to DKA include

A

fruity breath

30
Q

Which of the following hormones is NOT essential for normal body growth and maturation in children

A

adrenalin

31
Q

The disease caused by hyperfunctioning of the thyroid gland is known as

A

hyperthyroidism

32
Q

A patient with an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level most likely has

A

hypothyroidism

33
Q

Diabetes is the leading cause of

A

end stage renal disease (ESRD)

34
Q

Hypofunction of the adrenal cortex that results in an inadequate release of glucocorticoids is

A

Addison’s disease

35
Q

The acute metabolic complication that occurs in patients with diabetes is

A

ketoacidosis

36
Q

In addition to decreased plasma cortisol levels, the laboratory findings of a patient in adrenal crisis would include

A

decreased serum sodium levels

37
Q

An autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal stimulation of the thyroid gland by antibodies that acct through normal TSH receptors is

A

Graves disease

38
Q

In addition to elevated blood glucose levels, the initial laboratory findings in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis would include

A

decreased bicarbonate levels

39
Q

The most common cause of hypothyroidism is

A

Hashimoto’s disease

40
Q

Which of the following is decreased in Addison’s disease

A

aldosterone

41
Q

An extreme and life-threatening form of thyrotoxicosis is called

A

thyroid storm

42
Q

The complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes that is a macrovascular complication is

A

coronary artery disease

43
Q

What percent of beta cells in the pancreas must be destroyed before hyperglycemia develops

A

80%

44
Q

The release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior gland is stimulated by reduced circulating volume and

A

increased serum osmolality

45
Q

The macrovascular disease that is the leading cause of death in a patient with diabetes is

A

cardiovascular disease

46
Q

Which one of the following is NOT a cause of short stature in children

A

early estrogen and androgen secretion

47
Q

The most common cause of secondary hypothyroidism is

A

low secretion of thyrotropin hormone by the pituitary gland

48
Q

Diabetes mellitus is NOT a disorder in the metabolism of

A

iron

49
Q

Which one of the following is necessary for linear bone growth in children

A

growth hormone

50
Q

In a patient with diabetes insipidus, the reabsorption of water by the renal tubular collecting ducts can lead to

A

increased serum sodium

51
Q

The thyroid hormone that is responsible for calcium regurgitation

A

thyrocalcitonin

52
Q

The majority of patients with simple goiters are expected to have

A

a euthyroid state

53
Q

Cushing’s disease is characterized by physical abnormalities that occur when the adrenal glands secrete excess

A

glucocorticoids

54
Q

Which of the following is NOT a common secondary cause of Type 2 diabetes

A

autoimmune disease

55
Q

The disorder that is caused by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is known as

A

Diabetes insipidus

56
Q

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism is

A

Graves disease

APEA Q-Bank (15 decks)

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