Hematology Flashcards
What type of anemia that is characterized by the production of defective hemoglobin is known as
Sickle cell anemia
Which one of the following does the coagulation cascade involve
prothrombin becomes thrombin
Which one of the following factors does NOT affect the rate and degree of sickling in sickle cell anemia
an increase in blood pH
Most immediate (type 1) allergic reactions are mediated by the production of
IgE antibodies
A clinical syndrome in which a decreased number of circulating platelets (thrombocytopenia) manifests as a bleeding tendency is
Immune thrombocytopenia purpura
The antibody that responds immediately increases during a hypersensitivity reaction is
IgE
Which structure produces lymphocytes and guards the body against airborne and ingested pathogens
The tonsils
An X-linked disorder caused by a deficiency in plasma clotting factors is
hemophilia
Which of the following cells provide innate immunity, are the first line of defense against infection, and work to engulf and destroy invading organisms
macrophages
Which cell releases histamine and cytokines when it degreanulates
mast cell
Which of the following is the first immunoglobulin produced during an immune response
IgM
Thrombocytopenia is characterized by
insufficient circulating platelets
Which protein is an important mediator of the inflammatory response and serves as a messenger at the site of antigen (allergy) invasion
cytokines
A condition in which clotting and hemorrhage occur at the same time within the vascular system is known as
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
The plasma protein that binds to and transports iron is known as
transferrin
What is the average lifespan of a red cell
120 days
Which of the following is NOT part of the immune system
the sinus tract
What is the name of the protein that forms fibers that trap blood
fibrin
A type of anemia caused by damage to stem cells in the bone marrow is known as
aplastic anemia
The cells that are generated in the thymus and are instrumental in developing cellular immunity are
T cells
Increased lead absorption is NOT present in
folic acid deficiency
Which one of the following factors does NOT affect the rate and degree of sickling cell anemia
an increase in pH
Which one of the following is a type of megaloblastic anemia
pernicious anemia
The immunoglobulin (g) that functions as the major antibacterial and antiviral antibody is
IgG
A heriditary type of hemolytic anemia that is caused impaired enzyme function is known as
Glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase
Jaundice in a newborn is a medical emergency if it occurs within the first
24 hours
Which one of the following blood lead levels in an adult would warrant intervention
20mcg/dl
Which one of the following is the first immunoglobulin produced during an immune response
IgM
Which hereditary disease leads to a hypercoagulable state
Factor 5 Leiden
The immunoglobulin that plays a crucial role in the immune function of the mucous membrane is
IgA
Which of the following is true about beta thalassemia
beta thalassemia may cause bone deformities of the face and skull
A vital function of platelets is to
form hemostatic plugs in injured blood vessels
Which of the following is NOT involved in hemostasis
destruction of collagen fibers
What is the term for a genetic disorder passed from one parent to offspring and carried with an X-linked chromosome
hereditary disease
What is the initial intervention for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia
phototherapy
The component of the blood that carries antibodies and nutrients to tissues and carries away waste is
plasma
Which of the following is a disorder that results in the destruction of platelets
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
Which anemia develops as a result of folic acid deficiency
macrocytic
The primary organ responsible for the production of ITP platelet antibodies is the
spleen
Which clinical finding is associated with hyperbilirubinemia
jaundice
The characteristic symptom that may present after exposure to Salmonella typhi is
persistant fever as high as 103-104 degrees F
How long is the half-life of blood
30 days
The extrinsic pathway of the clotting cascade is triggered by
tissue factor
Which one of the following statements is true about sickle cell anemia
repeated episodes of sickling causes the cells to become irreversibly sickled
Which pathway of the clotting cascade involves a tissue factor that is released by damaged cells
extrinsic pathway
The most common caused of mortality in patients with ITP is
intracranial hemorrhage
B-lymphocytes are produced in the
bone marrow
The pathways involved in the clotting cascade and is triggered by blood coming in contact with collagen fibers is
the intrinsic pathway
What is the final enzyme of the clotting cascade that produces fibrin
thrombin
The intrinsic pathway in the clotting cascade involves the blood coming in contact with
collagen fibers
The majority of absorbed iron in the small intestine is derived from
heme iron
Hemolytic anemia occurs as a result of
excessive destruction of red blood cells
