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APEA Q-Bank > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of anemia that is characterized by the production of defective hemoglobin is known as

A

Sickle cell anemia

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2
Q

Which one of the following does the coagulation cascade involve

A

prothrombin becomes thrombin

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3
Q

Which one of the following factors does NOT affect the rate and degree of sickling in sickle cell anemia

A

an increase in blood pH

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4
Q

Most immediate (type 1) allergic reactions are mediated by the production of

A

IgE antibodies

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5
Q

A clinical syndrome in which a decreased number of circulating platelets (thrombocytopenia) manifests as a bleeding tendency is

A

Immune thrombocytopenia purpura

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6
Q

The antibody that responds immediately increases during a hypersensitivity reaction is

A

IgE

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7
Q

Which structure produces lymphocytes and guards the body against airborne and ingested pathogens

A

The tonsils

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8
Q

An X-linked disorder caused by a deficiency in plasma clotting factors is

A

hemophilia

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9
Q

Which of the following cells provide innate immunity, are the first line of defense against infection, and work to engulf and destroy invading organisms

A

macrophages

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10
Q

Which cell releases histamine and cytokines when it degreanulates

A

mast cell

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11
Q

Which of the following is the first immunoglobulin produced during an immune response

A

IgM

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12
Q

Thrombocytopenia is characterized by

A

insufficient circulating platelets

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13
Q

Which protein is an important mediator of the inflammatory response and serves as a messenger at the site of antigen (allergy) invasion

A

cytokines

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14
Q

A condition in which clotting and hemorrhage occur at the same time within the vascular system is known as

A

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

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15
Q

The plasma protein that binds to and transports iron is known as

A

transferrin

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16
Q

What is the average lifespan of a red cell

A

120 days

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17
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the immune system

A

the sinus tract

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18
Q

What is the name of the protein that forms fibers that trap blood

A

fibrin

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19
Q

A type of anemia caused by damage to stem cells in the bone marrow is known as

A

aplastic anemia

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20
Q

The cells that are generated in the thymus and are instrumental in developing cellular immunity are

A

T cells

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21
Q

Increased lead absorption is NOT present in

A

folic acid deficiency

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22
Q

Which one of the following factors does NOT affect the rate and degree of sickling cell anemia

A

an increase in pH

23
Q

Which one of the following is a type of megaloblastic anemia

A

pernicious anemia

24
Q

The immunoglobulin (g) that functions as the major antibacterial and antiviral antibody is

A

IgG

25
Q

A heriditary type of hemolytic anemia that is caused impaired enzyme function is known as

A

Glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase

26
Q

Jaundice in a newborn is a medical emergency if it occurs within the first

A

24 hours

27
Q

Which one of the following blood lead levels in an adult would warrant intervention

A

20mcg/dl

28
Q

Which one of the following is the first immunoglobulin produced during an immune response

A

IgM

29
Q

Which hereditary disease leads to a hypercoagulable state

A

Factor 5 Leiden

30
Q

The immunoglobulin that plays a crucial role in the immune function of the mucous membrane is

A

IgA

31
Q

Which of the following is true about beta thalassemia

A

beta thalassemia may cause bone deformities of the face and skull

32
Q

A vital function of platelets is to

A

form hemostatic plugs in injured blood vessels

33
Q

Which of the following is NOT involved in hemostasis

A

destruction of collagen fibers

34
Q

What is the term for a genetic disorder passed from one parent to offspring and carried with an X-linked chromosome

A

hereditary disease

35
Q

What is the initial intervention for the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia

A

phototherapy

36
Q

The component of the blood that carries antibodies and nutrients to tissues and carries away waste is

A

plasma

37
Q

Which of the following is a disorder that results in the destruction of platelets

A

idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura

38
Q

Which anemia develops as a result of folic acid deficiency

A

macrocytic

39
Q

The primary organ responsible for the production of ITP platelet antibodies is the

A

spleen

40
Q

Which clinical finding is associated with hyperbilirubinemia

A

jaundice

41
Q

The characteristic symptom that may present after exposure to Salmonella typhi is

A

persistant fever as high as 103-104 degrees F

42
Q

How long is the half-life of blood

A

30 days

43
Q

The extrinsic pathway of the clotting cascade is triggered by

A

tissue factor

44
Q

Which one of the following statements is true about sickle cell anemia

A

repeated episodes of sickling causes the cells to become irreversibly sickled

45
Q

Which pathway of the clotting cascade involves a tissue factor that is released by damaged cells

A

extrinsic pathway

46
Q

The most common caused of mortality in patients with ITP is

A

intracranial hemorrhage

47
Q

B-lymphocytes are produced in the

A

bone marrow

48
Q

The pathways involved in the clotting cascade and is triggered by blood coming in contact with collagen fibers is

A

the intrinsic pathway

49
Q

What is the final enzyme of the clotting cascade that produces fibrin

A

thrombin

50
Q

The intrinsic pathway in the clotting cascade involves the blood coming in contact with

A

collagen fibers

51
Q

The majority of absorbed iron in the small intestine is derived from

A

heme iron

52
Q

Hemolytic anemia occurs as a result of

A

excessive destruction of red blood cells

53
Q
A

APEA Q-Bank (15 decks)

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