WOC key Individuals

Question 1

West Africa: Nkrumah

Answer 1

Formed convention people’s party and got Ghana as the first independent African colony

Figurehead for African nationalism

Encouraged change emerging from below- popular nationalism

Pan Africanism

Question 2

Nelson Mandela- South Africa

Answer 2

Aimed to end apartheid
Civil disobedience
Established first black law firm in 1952
Spoke of a national strike which NEVER HAPPENED
Although he is symbolic on reflection at the time Mandela was in prison from 1962 so was less significant in movement and action

Question 3

Jomo Kenyatta- east Africa

Answer 3

1948-1951 toured and lectured around country campaigning for return of land given to white settlers which led to Mau May rebellion
Actively negotiated with Britain leading to Kenyan independence in 1963

Question 4

Andrew Cohen

Answer 4

Concerned by treatment of Africans
Proposed caf although it failed
Appointed gov of Uganda- brought Africans into gov
Cultivated contacts in West and Central Africa

Question 5

Charles Arden Clarke

Answer 5

Role as a facilitator or self rule and independence- diffused riots and strikes by releasing Nkrumah and bringing him into gov 1951
Held in such high regard when Ghana independence came he was asked to become first Governor General

Question 6

Hola camp atrocities

Answer 6

Rehabilitation camps used torture on mm rebels
Hanging of suspects
1959 11 killed shames gov and leads to Kenyan independence

Question 7

Hat occurred at the same time as hola camp

Answer 7

State of emergency imposed in 1959 in Nyasaland- britiain realjse this is dangerous and caf should end