WOC- Colonial Policy +Administration

Question 1

The winds of change speech

Answer 1

Harold Macmillan 1960- growth of national consciousness suggests a shift in conservative mindset- intention of withdrawal

Question 2

Flow chart of challenges facing the new conservative gov

Answer 2

Still recognise empire as important

Need to rapidly devel colonies- too much for indigenous to keep up with

Tribal chiefs/ local leaders pushed aside for economic devel

Breakdown in indigenous relations as think locals are being pushed out

Question 3

Cyprus- 1954-60

Answer 3

Last of British influence in the Mediterranean

Question 4

Cyprus- EOKA

Answer 4

Wanted to unite with Greece

30,000 troops vs. EOKA

Question 5

Jordon 1956

Answer 5

King of Jordon dismissed the armies British commander

1958 treaty allowed Britain to have bases in Jordon honoured by the king

Question 6

The Suez crisis: why did USA announce they were stopping funding to Egypt in 1956?

Answer 6

Nasser turned to communist Czechoslovakia for arms and signed an alliance with Syria

Association with communist powers

Question 7

The Suez crisis: what date did nasser announce nationalism of Suez Canal?

Answer 7

16th July 1956

Question 8

The Suez crisis: the plan

Answer 8

Israel attack Egypt

France and GB demand ceasefire and invade Canal Zone to ‘defend it’

Question 9

The Suez crisis: the reaction

Answer 9

Nasser blocks canal with sunken ships

Question 10

The Suez crisis: the international reaction

Answer 10

USA immediately condemn as were not informed and refuse to support sterling in the currency crisis

It divided Britain- riots and protests- by November 53% public opinion supported gov

Commonwealth oppose

Question 11

The Suez crisis: British response

Answer 11

Ceasefire announced within 5 days

Withdrawal of troops

Eden forced to resign

UN start to restore peace

Question 12

The Suez crisis: the consequences- splendid isolation

Answer 12

Illusion of Britain as an independent power dispelled (need USA approval)

Question 13

The Suez crisis: the consequences- nationalism

Answer 13

Suggested that nationalism could force British to surrender

Question 14

The Suez crisis: the consequences- informal empire

Answer 14

Questions credibility of plans for an informal empire in Africa

Question 15

The Suez crisis: the consequences- managed decline

Answer 15

Dispelled idea that Britain could manage its decline to preserve power

Question 16

The Suez crisis: the consequences- weakness

Answer 16

Revelation of Britain’s financial and military weakness