WOC Decolonisation in Africa

Question 1

Factor and effect: change in priorities

Answer 1

By 1950s West Europe post war economic recovery
Less dependent on colonies
EEC- refocus on trade in Europe itself

Question 2

Factor and effect: economy

Answer 2

Couldn’t afford to fight colonial wars after WW2

Question 3

Factor and effect: international situation

Answer 3

America who provide defence and economic support are hostile to empire
Harder for Britain to reassert authority without imposing financial burdens at home

Question 4

Factor and effect: nationalism

Answer 4

Too expensive

Question 5

Factor and effect: specific problems

Answer 5

Specific devel rather than a product of post war shift

Eg India Burma and Palestine

Question 6

John Darwin summary of Factor and effect

Answer 6

International factors esp WW2 that drive to changes in colonial policy
New political conditions which destroyed old pre war relationships

Question 7

West Africa: the Gold Coast burns constitution

Answer 7

Legislative Council 12 British and 18 elected African members.
The final power is in the hands of the British which caused protests against British rule.

Question 8

West Africa: The Gold Coast. Which party wanted more concessions?

Answer 8

The convention People’s party.

Question 9

West Africa: The Gold Coast independence

Answer 9

1952 Nkrumah becomes the Prime Minister and is released from prison. Independence in March 1957

Question 10

West Africa: Nigeria divide

Answer 10

Regionally and ethnically divided.
Igbo south chosen to administrate
Yoruba west rich with oils
Hausa and Fulani north Muslims

Question 11

West Africa: Nigeria. What caused the rise of regional and ethnic political parties?

Answer 11

Each region are allowed that own gov and elected assembly which created more tension between divisions

Question 12

West Africa: Nigeria independence

Answer 12

Full independence in 1960 October as demands meant Britain gave concessions more quickly than they hoped

Question 13

East Africa: tanganyika

Answer 13

Groundnut skin Phalia so the peasants support nationalism.

Question 14

East Africa: Kenya pop

Answer 14

Rapid economic growth brought increased population which meant overcrowding and protests.

Question 15

East Africa: how much the Nairobi population increase

Answer 15

By half

Question 16

East Africa: Kenya kikuyu

Answer 16

Kikuyu grievances over the treatment by white settlers caused the mau mau uprising 1952-6

Brutish crushes rebellion ruthlessly so national support increased

Question 17

East Africa: Kenya independence

Answer 17

1963

Question 18

East Africa: tanganyika independence

Answer 18

1961

Question 19

South Africa and central Africa: apartheid

Answer 19

Due to white minority control. South Africa state responded brutal suppression to protest 69 protesters killed by police at sharperville March 19 60

Question 20

South Africa and central Africa: Republic

Answer 20

South Africa voted to become a republic and wanted more British land

Question 21

South Africa and central Africa: British response to South Africa’s requests

Answer 21

Central African federation of 1953

North and South Rhodesia and Nayasland

Question 22

South Africa and central Africa: The central African Federation

Answer 22

Act as a buffer to stop SA ambition of expansion- some African rights protected

Question 23

South Africa and central Africa: African suspicions in CAF

Answer 23

Suspicious of British intentions caused nationalism- LEADERS IMPRISONED

Question 24

Evidence that Britain intended to give up Africa

Answer 24

Winds of change speech 1960