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PSYCH-101 > WK4 L1 Personality > Flashcards

WK4 L1 Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

personality

A

refers to enduring patterns of thought, feeling, behaviour and motivation that are expressed in different circumstances

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2
Q

Freuds drive model

A

suggests that human behaviour os motivated by 2 drives- sex and aggression

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3
Q

Freuds developmental model- psychosexual stages

A

libido follows a developmental course during childhood- oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital

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4
Q

Defence mechanisms

A

unconscious mental processes that protect a conscious person from unpleasant emotions

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5
Q

Different defence mechanisms

A

Repression, denial, projection, reaction formation, sublimation, rationalisation, displacement and regression and passive aggression

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6
Q

Displacement

A

persons direct their emotions away from the real target to a substitute

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7
Q

Regression

A

person reverts back to an earlier stage of psychosexual development

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8
Q

passive aggression

A

an indirect expression of anger towards others

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9
Q

Sublimation

A

persons convert an unacceptable impulse into a socially acceptable activity

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10
Q

Rationalisation

A

person explains away actions to reduce anxiety

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11
Q

Repression

A

anxiety evoking thoughts are kept unconscious

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12
Q

Denial

A

person refuses to recognise reality

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13
Q

projection

A

attribution of own unacceptable impulses to others

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14
Q

Reaction formation

A

person converts an unacceptable impulse into the opposite impulse

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15
Q

Freuds structural model of personality

A

conflict seen as being between 3 forces

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16
Q

ID

A

driven by what it wants-Reservoir of sexual aggression energy, unconscious driven by impulses

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17
Q

Superego

A

trying to parent ID- Counterbalance to ID, source of conscience and ideals

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18
Q

Ego

A

Must balance ID and superego, obeys reality principle

19
Q

Analytical psych- carl jung

A

focus on relationship between the unconscious and the conscious, incorporating what is happening in everyday life

20
Q

Personality types

A

introverted and extroverted

21
Q

Life history methods

A

understand the person in context of their life experiences

22
Q

Projective tests

A

inkblot and TAT

23
Q

Contributions of psychodynamic theory

A

emphasis on unconscious processes, importance of childhood experiences in shaping adult personality

24
Q

Limitations of psychodynamic theory

A

not based on scientific observation, emphasis on drives, gender bias, believe impossible to change persona

25
Q

Cognitive social theories

A

whether people carry out an action depends on expectancies and competencies

26
Q

Behaviour-outcome expectancies

A

belief that behaviour will lead to an outcome

27
Q

self-efficacy expectancies

A

belief that the person can perform the behaviour

28
Q

Competencies

A

skills used for problem solving

29
Q

self-regulation

A

setting goals, evaluating performance and responding to feedback

30
Q

contributions of cognitive social theory

A

provided emphasis on the role of thought and memory in personality

31
Q

Limitations of cognitive social theory

A

overemphasis on rational side of personality, avoidance of explanations of unconscious processes in personality

32
Q

Trait

A

refers to emotional, cognitive and behavioural tendencies that constitute underlying personality dimensions on which individuals can vary

33
Q

Trait theories of personality

A

eysencks theory and the big 5

34
Q

Big 5

A

openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extroversion and neuroticism

35
Q

Contributions to trait theories

A

can be empirically measured, assume individual differences

36
Q

Limitations to trait theories

A

depend on self-report, do not explain why traits emerge, may have different cultural meanings

37
Q

Person-centred approach

A

carl rogers- true self, false self and ideal self- people are good by nature but personality becomes distorted by interpersonal experiences

38
Q

Existentialism

A

people have no fixed nature and must create themselves

39
Q

Existential dread

A

ultimately we all face death of ourselves and our loved ones

40
Q

Contributions of humanistic theory

A

focus on how humans strive to determine the meaning of life

41
Q

Limitations of humanistic theory

A

not a complete theoretical account of personality, not generated a body of testable research

42
Q

Heritability

A

refers to the proportion of variance in a particular trait that is due to genetic influences

43
Q

Culture pattern approach

A

see’s culture as an organised set of beliefs, rituals and institutions that shape individuals to fit it’s patterns

44
Q

Interactionist approaches

A

suggest that personality, economics and culture mutually influence one another- mallows hierarchy of needs

PSYCH-101 (23 decks)

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