WK 8 L2 psychological disorders Flashcards
extra DSM Categories
somatic disorders, feeding and eating disorders, elimination disorders, sleep wake disorders, sexual dysfunctions, gender dysphoria, disruptive impulse control, substance related disorders and neurocognitive disorders
DSM categories
neurodevelopment, schizophrenia and psychoses, bipolar disorders, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD’S, trauma and stressor disorders, dissociative disorders
Neurodevelopmental disorders
ADHD and ASD
ADHD
difficulty focusing attention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity-
3 types of ADHD
primarily hyperactive and impulsive, primarily inattentive and a combination
ASD
challenges with social, emotional and communication skills
Schizophrenia
umbrella term for numerous psychotic disorders- gross disturbance and loss of touch with reality
4 aspects of schizophrenia symptoms
thought, perception, affect and language
Positive symptoms
signal the presence of something not usually or previously there
Negative symptoms
signal the absence of function
Theories of schizophrenia
Diathesis-stress model and dopamine hypothesis
Diathesis-stress model- in relation to schizo
schizo develops in people with an underlying biological vulnerability that is compounded by stress
Dopamine hypothesis
schizo reflects elevated level of dopamine in the brain
Bipolar disorder
characterised by disturbance in emotion and mood- alternating episodes of mania, hypomania and or depression
Mania
an excessive degree of happiness and a belief the person can do anything with significant impairment
Hypomania
similar to mania but without significant impairment
Bipolar 1
manic episode with or without hypomanic episode plus depressive episode
Bipolar 2
hypomanic episode plus depressive episode
Depressive disorders
characterised by disturbance in emotion and mood
Major depressive episode
a long-term episode of intense sadness, loss of appetite and difficulty in or excessive sleeping
Persistent depressive episode disorder (dysthymia)
lower intensity type of depression where symptoms are evident at least 2 years- short intervals of normal mood