Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SC.SM-- AP & MT > wk 6: cardiovascular system > Flashcards

wk 6: cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

where is the heart located?

A

within the mediastinum, between the lungs. it sits towards the left side of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ECG

A

electrocardiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CVT

A

cardiovascular technician

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

EKG

A

electrocardiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

DOB

A

difficulty of breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cardi-

A

R: heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

electr-

A

R: electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pulmon-

A

R: lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thorac-

A

R: chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

deconstruct: endocardium

A

P: endo- (within)
R: cardi- (heart)
S: -ium (structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

deconstruct: myocardium

A

R: my/o- (muscle)
R: cardi- (heart)
S: -ium (structure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ischemia is…

A

not enough blood or oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

define: atrium

A

entrance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

define: ventricle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

define: septum

A

divides the left and right atrium/ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define: bicuspid

A

a valve between the left atrium into the left ventricle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

deconstruct: interatrial

A

P: inter- (between)
R: -atri- (atrium)
S: -al (pertaining to)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

deconstruct: interventricular

A

P: inter- (between)
R: -ventricul- (ventricle)
S: -ar (pertaining to)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

deconstruct: semilunar

A

P: semi- (half)
R: -lun- (moon)
S: -ar (pertaining to)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

AV

A

atrioventricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

IV

A

interventricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

O2

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CO2

A

carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

define: systole

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

define: diastole

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

define: stethoscope

A

instrument used to measure the heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

define: murmur

A

an abnormal heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what do the ‘PQRST’ waves represent in the ECG?

A

P: atria contraction
QRS: ventricular contraction
T: repolarization (recovery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

difference? atrial and ventricular

A

atrial: higher chambers of the heart
ventricular: lower chambers of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

difference? sinus rhythm and arrhythmia

A

sinus rhythm: normal heartbeat
arrhythmia: abnormal heart rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

why is the wall of the left ventricle thicker than the right?

A

the left is thicker to be able to pump blood to the aorta and eventually the rest of the body (besides the lungs).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

difference? systole and diastole

A

systole: contraction
diastole: relaxation/rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

difference? bradycardia and tachycardia

A

bradycardia: slow heart rate < 60 bpm
tachycardia: fast heart rate > 100 bpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what are common arrhythmias:

A
  1. premature beats
  2. atrial fibrillation
  3. ventricular tachycardia
  4. ventricular arrhythmia
  5. heart block
  6. palpitations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

AED

A

automatic external defibrillator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

define: palpitation

A

unpleasant sensation of a rapid heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

define: cardioversion

A

restoration of a normal heart rhythm by electric shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

define: fibrillation

A

uncontrolled quivering of heart muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

ICD

A

implantable cardioverter/defibrillator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

A-fib

A

atrial fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

V-fib

A

ventricular fibrillation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

V-tach

A

ventricular tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

PVC

A

premature ventricular contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

define: stenosis

A

a heart valve malfx;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

define: incompetence

A

a heart valve malfx;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

cor pulmonate

A

right ventricle dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is the relation between pericarditis and tamponade?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what is the relation between incompetence, insufficiency, and regurgitate?

A
46
Q

what is coronary artery disease? list some examples.

A
47
Q

what are the risk factors for coronary heart disease?

A
  • hereditary
  • age
  • obesity
  • lack of exercise
  • tobacco
  • diabetes
  • stress
  • high blood pressure
48
Q

CAD

A

coronary heart disease

49
Q

ASHD

A

arteriosclerotic heart disease

50
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

51
Q

PNB

A

pulseless non-breather

52
Q

PEA

A

pulseless electrical activity

53
Q

difference? occlude and perfuse

A
54
Q

difference? sublingual and substernal

A
55
Q

difference? arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis

A
56
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure
P: hyper- (high)
R: -tens- (pressure)
S: -ion (process)

57
Q

hypotension

A

low blood pressure

58
Q

prehypertension

A
59
Q

ASD

A

atrial septal defect

60
Q

VSD

A

ventricular septal defect

61
Q

CHD

A

congenital heart disease

62
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

63
Q

Hg

A

mercury

64
Q

HTTN

A

hypertension

65
Q

PDA

A

patent ductus arteriosus

66
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

67
Q

TOF

A

tetralogy of Fallot
*

68
Q

difference? HDL and LDL

A

HDL: good cholesterol
LDL: bad cholesterol (always be under 100)

69
Q

ech/o-

A

sound

70
Q

thromb/o

A

blood clot

71
Q

scler/o

A

hardening

72
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

73
Q

idi/o

A

unknown

74
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel

75
Q

ven/o

A

vein

76
Q

-gram

A

recording

77
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

78
Q

-ize

A

action

79
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

80
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

81
Q

-ide

A

particular quantity

82
Q

artery

A

delivers oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

83
Q

vein

A

returns deoxygenated blood to the heart

84
Q

angiogram

A
85
Q

venogram

A
86
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

s.v.c & i.v.c –> r. atrium –> tricuspid valve –> r. ventricle –> pulmonary valve –> pulmonary artery –> lungs

87
Q

systemic circulation

A

pulmonary veins –> l. atrium –> bicuspid valve –> l. ventricle –> aortic valve –> aorta –> systemic circulation

88
Q

what are the functions of the circulatory system?

A
  • transport
  • maintain homeostasis
  • regulate bp
89
Q

disorders of veins: thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of the lining of the veins

90
Q

disorders of veins: DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis;

91
Q

disorders of veins: varicose veins

A

superficial dilation of veins

92
Q

What is known in the conduction system of the heart as the electrical gateway to the ventricles?

A

atrioventricular node

93
Q

Intravenous drug users and people with damaged heart valves are at high risk for what disorder of the heart’s lining?

A

Endocarditis

94
Q

A condition of the heart valves where the heart valve cannot close fully, which allows blood to leak or flow back through the valve to the heart chamber from which it came, is called:

A

insufficiency

95
Q

Atrial fibrillation

A

Occurs when the two atria quiver rather than contract correctly to pump blood

96
Q

Ventricular tachycardia

A

Rapid heartbeat occurring in the ventricles

97
Q

Premature ventricular contractions

A

Results when extra impulses arise from a ventricle

98
Q

Ventricular fibrillation

A

Occurs when ventricles lose control, quivering instead of pumping

99
Q

What is a heart valve malfunction that occurs because the valve cannot open fully due to the opening being narrowed?

A

Stenosis

100
Q

Hypovolemia

A

decreased blood volume in the body

101
Q

What is included in a lipid profile blood test that helps determine the risk of CAD?

A
  • Low-density lipoprotein
  • High-density lipoprotein
  • Total cholesterol
  • Triglycerides
102
Q

What artery is commonly used to measure blood pressure?

A

Brachial

103
Q

An instrument for measuring arterial blood pressure is called a(n):

A

sphygmomanometer.

104
Q

The “bad cholesterol” is called…

A

LDL or low-density lipoprotein

105
Q

The “good cholesterol” is called…

A

HDL or high-density lipoprotein

106
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

Paper record of the electrical signals of the heart

107
Q

Cardiac stress test

A

Exercise tolerance test that raises heart rate through exercise and monitors its effect on cardiac function

108
Q

Echocardiography

A

Ultrasound waves to study cardiac function

109
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

A thin tube is inserted into a vein or artery and is then threaded into the heart under X-ray guidance

110
Q

Coronary angiogram

A

Uses a contrast dye injected during cardiac catheterization to identify coronary artery blockages

111
Q

Restoration of a normal heart rhythm by electric shock or medications is termed:

A

cardioversion

112
Q

The term that means producing increased blood pressure is:

A

pressor

113
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary hypertension?

A

The cause of primary hypertension is unknown; secondary hypertension results from other diseases.

114
Q

What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus?

A

A thrombus is a clot attached to a diseased blood vessel; an embolus is a detached clot traveling through the bloodstream.

115
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of RBCs to the whole blood.

116
Q
A

SC.SM-- AP & MT (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions