WK 3 Appetite Flashcards
Obesity
determined by persons BMI (weight in kg divided by height in M^2)
Fat
referring to the amount of white fat cells stored on a persons body
How do we control food intake?
Body + Environment > Brain > Eating
Body controls
biological:
- energy levels
- sensation
- digestive organs
Environment controls
external forces:
- food
- time and place
- people and leisure
- portion and plate
Energy levels:
2 modes of energy storage
- short-term using glucose
- long-term using fat
Energy Levels:
change in body fat affecting appetite
- fat cells produce hormone (leptin)
- more fat= more leptin, decrease appetite
- less fat- less leptin, increase appetite
Sensation:
what forms flavour
taste, smell, touch
Sensation:
food flavour forms ……
intake
Sensation:
sensory specific satiety
slows intake in a meal (more we eat of specific food, more our liking for it declines)
Digestive organs:
How do systems send signals to the brain
- nerves
- hormones
- nutrients
Food:
potent means of getting you to eat
show food
Food:
cephalic phase response
salivation, insulin release, etc
Time and Place:
habit bound
eating at same time everyday then becomes cues that trigger hunger and eating
People and leisure:
social facilitation of eating
number of people we eat with affects how much we eat
TV:
stimulate eating through
- adverts
- learning
- distraction
Portion and plate:
people eat…
what is infront of them
Brain controls
- neurochemicals
- locations
Neurochemicals (nc):
2 nc that modulate eating
- serotonin (SE)
- dopamine (DA)
Neurochemicals nc:
increased levels of SE and DA
suppress appetite
Locations:
important ones
- hypothalamus
- cortical
- limbic system
Whos in charge of how much we eat?
brain
Breakdown:
obesity
main eating-related health problem
Breakdown:
obesity causes chronic illnesses of:
- type 2 diabetes
- circulatory disease
- joint damage
- cancer
- etc
Breakdown:
why does obesity occur?
- environment (move less, eat more)
- genes (predispose weight gain)
Breakdown:
dieting
principal form of treatment for obesity
Breakdown:
all diets work by
limiting energy intake (calorie deficit)
Breakdown:
eating disorders
internalising disorders, causes disturbance of eating behaviours associated with distressing thoughts and emotions
Breakdown:
% of people with an ED has a co-occuring internalising disorder
80%
Breakdown:
types of ED
- Binge- repeated binges
- Anorexia Nervosa (AN)- dietry restriction
- Bulimia (BN)- binge eating w/ compensation
- Muscle dysmorphia-building more muscle
- Orthorexia nervosa- healthful/proper/clean
Breakdown:
starvation- how many people cant get enough to eat
around 1 billion
