WK 12 Biological Bases 2

Question 1

4 main parts of neurons

Answer 1

• soma (cell body)
• dendrites
• axon
• presynaptic terminals

Question 2

Afferent vs Efferent neurons

Answer 2

A=to the connection

E=from the connection

Question 3

Plasma (cell) membrane

Answer 3

skin of neuron. inside= intracellular fluid (ICF)

outside=extracellular fluid (ECF)

Question 4

Resting membrane potential (RMP)

Answer 4

ECF high NA+, low K+

ICF high K+, low NA+

Question 5

NA+

Answer 5

sodium

Question 6

K+

Answer 6

potassium

Question 7

polarisation

Answer 7

make more negative

Question 8

Usual RMP

Answer 8

-70mV

Question 9

Sodium potassium pump

Answer 9

in 2K+ and removes 3NA+ ions

Question 10

Pump requires energy

Answer 10

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 11

Action potential

Answer 11

threshold of excitation (potential) required to open channels (-55mV) lead to influx of Na+ into the cell

Question 12

Peak of action potential

Answer 12

(+30mV)

Question 13

Hyperpolarisation

Answer 13

(-80mV)

Question 14

Excitatory Post Synaptic Potentials (EPSP)

Answer 14

increase likelihood of generating action potential (brings in positive ions)

Question 15

Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potentials (IPSP)

Answer 15

reduces likelihood of generating action potential (brings in negative ions)

Question 16

Neutral integration

Answer 16

sum of EPSP and IPSP

Question 17

Actions potentials are important for

Answer 17

the sophisticated transfer of info from one neuron to another

Question 18

Propagation of action potential (PAP)

Answer 18

movement of charge along axon propagated by myelin sheaths and nodes of Ranvier

Question 19

Process of PAP along myelinated neuron is called

Answer 19

saltatory conduction (jumping)

Question 20

Neurotransmitters are released upon

Answer 20

action potential

Question 21

neurotransmitter release important for

Answer 21

our brain regions to:

• communicate
• coordinate