Whistling Vivaldi- Steele Flashcards
What important observation did Phillip Treisman make?
Black students were underperforming
What were the study differences between Asian and Black students?
Asian students studied in groups
- Many ppl to work out problem together
- Spent more time on it cuz hanging out
Black students were independent / private about their work
What is “Over-efforting”?
When black students double down on individual efforts to try succeed (more inefficient then group studying)
When black students are suggested alternative methods to pass a hard class what do they do?
(Asian and white students use the methods)
They stay in the course to disprove the stereotype over their heads
What were the two aims of the experiement?
- Could over efforting be observed in a lab
- If it could be evoked, which of these two understandings of it is the most accurate
(Caused by stereotype/identity threat OR socialized into black americans)
They ran anagram tasks
(participants choose how many they’d like to solved, if more = more effort
told it’s an intelligence test)
What did they find?
Black students took on more (around 8) tasks while white less (4)
Showing they want to prove themselves
What is important about the findings of the anagram task?
We can evoke academic over efforting in a lab (real phenomenon)
Caused by identity pressure or stereotype threat
What happens when you perform well (and with ease) in a domain where your group is negatively stereotyped?
Easy vs hard math test (women told they do worse)
Found: on hard test women under stereotype threat did worse
On easy test women under stereotype threat did better
When women are underrepresented, what did they feel?
More pressure to prove themselves
What is the problem with pressure to disprove a sterotype?
It gives you an additional task
Ex. have to pass this test and also kill all stereotypes about your group
(multitasking) (= stressful and distracting)
How is disproving a stereotype a Sisyphean task?
(Sisyphus - rock mountain guy)
You must do it over and over again as long as you are in the domain where the stereotype applies
Treisman created black study groups (based on Asian study groups)
What happened?
It worked, they got better grades
White ppl don’t sit next to black man
besides racism, what could explain this?
Try appear not racist
So avoid any interaction that can be taken as racism
What issue does David Brookes mention in a book?
Americans are becoming more and more separated into enclaves
“Cultural zones” where they don’t know much about ppl in other zones
How has segregation changed in the US?
Becoming more segregated
Ex. black american live in areas with 50 % other black ppl (on average)
White american live in 80% white areas
If u wanted to make things fully equal, you would have to move 85% of black population
Study:
White guys talking to
- Black person on love/relationships
- Black person on racial profiling
What this threat (of saying something wrong) enough to change the group preferences of these participants?
(measure this by how closely they placed chairs for the chat)
Participant’s in love/relationships placed three chairs close together
VS participants in racial profiling sat further away from partners
(note: if white person on racial profiling = placed chairs close)
Also ppl paired with Black person on racial profiling filled in anagram with sterotype words (ex. ra___t, racket, racist) increased with how far they moved the chair away
Having the idea of an interracial conversation on a super sensitive topic made white participants…?
mindful of the stereotype of white ppl are racist
Found: ppl will distance the chairs the same regardless of how prejudiced they are
what does that say about stereotype threat?
stereotype threat is “how national history seeps into our lives”
- Ppl know the US and how racist it’s history is
- Also know how racist it is rn
- We intuitively know this like it’s natural for us to know
