Chapter: Reducing Discrimination Flashcards
When might we be less prejudiced?
Think about group members with unsterotypical characteristics
Ex. imagine a woman who was “strong” and found that doing so decreased stereotyping of women
OR
thought about positive Black role models—such as Oprah Winfrey and Michael Jordan—they became less prejudiced toward Black people
What is a major variable that helps us reduce discrimination?
education
General education (super great when take course on minorities)
due to new social norms that people are introduced to in school
ex. high prejudice students who learned that other students were also prejudiced sat farther away from the Black confederate in comparison with high prejudice individuals who were led to believe that their beliefs were not shared.
What effect does confronting prejudice have?
students who had been confronted expressed less prejudice and fewer stereotypes on subsequent tasks than did the students who had not been confronted
What is the contact hypothesis?
idea that intergroup contact will reduce prejudice
Ex. U.S. Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.
-integration for black and white children
- student busing to achieve desegregated schools
What does this mean?
“The positive effects of intergroup contact may be due in part to increases in other-concern”
leading students to take the perspective of another group member—which increased empathy and closeness to the person—also reduced prejudice.
Why might intergroup contact not work?
conditions necessary for it to be successful are frequently not met
Ex. , contact will only be effective if it provides information demonstrating that the existing stereotypes held by the individuals are incorrect
what happens when we first meet someone from another category?
we are likely to rely almost exclusively on our stereotypes
as we get to know them well we may get to the point where we ignore that individual’s group membership almost completely, responding to him or her entirely at the individual level
When is intergroup contact more successful?
When the people involved in the contact are motivated to learn about the others.
One factor that increases this motivation is interdependence—a state in which the group members depend on each other for successful performance of the group goals
What is the jigsaw classroom?
Students from different racial or ethnic groups work together, in an interdependent way, to master material.
- Class is split in small learning groups
Each student then learns his or her own part of the material and presents this piece of the puzzle to the other members of his or her group. The students in each group are therefore interdependent in learning all the material
What is the extended-contact hypothesis?
prejudice can also be reduced for people who have friends who are friends with members of the outgroup,
participants (including those who did not participate in the closeness task themselves) were more positive toward the outgroup after two team members had met (they knew one member)
What are superordinate goals?
goals that were both very important to them and yet that required the cooperative efforts and resources of both the Eagles and the Rattlers to attain.
What is common ingroup identity?
The attempt to reduce prejudice by creating a superordinate categorization
How can recategorization (seeing someone as a diff social category) be helpful outside the lab?
White students were significantly more likely to help the Black interviewers when they wore a hat of the same university as that worn by the interviewee
We both support same sports team!!
