What is Type 1 Diabetes ?

Question 1

What is Type 1 diabetes ?

Answer 1

Type 1 diabetes is caused by the immune system accidentally attacking the insulin producing islet cells in the pancreas which attack the beta cells .Which is also known as auto-immune condition .

Question 2

What are the symptoms of Type 1 diabetes ?

Answer 2

Increased thirst.
Frequent urination.
Bed-wetting in children who previously didn't wet the bed during the night.
Extreme hunger.
Unintended weight loss.
Irritability and other mood changes.
Fatigue and weakness.
Blurred vision.

Question 3

How is Glucose secreted ?

Answer 3

Glucose is secreted in urine requires excess water and electrolytes leading to polyuria for example .

Question 4

What does the source of fat ketone do ? oR even Hyperglycaemia

Answer 4

It reduces pH levels in the blood which stop cerebral functions completely If this is left untreated it can lead to coma or even death .

Skipping frequent meals can also lead to hyperglycaemia which is defined by < 4mmol this has symtoms which leave you shaky , sweating etc. .

Question 5

Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes ?

Answer 5

Daily insulin injection or pump to help reduce any further secondary complications as well as eliminate hyperglycaemia ,ketoacidosis.

Question 6

What is Type 2 and what is it caused by ?

Answer 6

Type 2 is caused by the lack of insulin production meaning glucose cannot enter the cells as a results builds up in the blood which is known as insulin resistance .

Caused by a number of risk factors such as obesity

Liver , muscle and adipose cells being less sensitive to insulin because of mutations in parts of insulin receptors .

In this case beta cells work harder ot overcome insulin resistance however become insulin impaired production

According to Diabetes Uk , black and south Asian peoples are twice to four times more likely to develop this type of diabetes

Statrgties : Exercise , healthy lifestyle

There are variety of treatments for type 2 diabetes Metformin (Glucophage, Glumetza, others). Generally, metformin is the first medication prescribed for type 2 diabetes. It works by lowering glucose production in the liver and improving your body’s sensitivity to insulin so that your body uses insulin more effectively.

Question 7

Pregnancy Associated Diabetes ?

Answer 7

Diabetes during pregnancy is very common with high levels of placental hormone in pregnancy causes pregnant women to develop insulin resistance .

This is however, treated by diet/insulin injections since hyperglycaemia could be harmful in foetus ,obesity and breathing

This is restored to normal after delivery

Strategies including good healthy diet .regular gp check up .