What is diabetes? Flashcards
Symptoms of hyperglycaemia
polydipsia
polyuria
blurred vision
weight loss
infections
Long term microvascular complications of hyperglycaemia
retinopathy
neuropathy
nephropathy
long term macro-vascular complications of hyperglycaemia
stroke
MI
peripheral vascular disease
What two things do you measure when diagnosing diabetes?
blood glucose
HbA1c
What is Hb1Ac?
glycated haemoglobin
What does Hb1Ac give an indication of?
blood glucose levels over the last 8-12 weeks
When can Hb1Ac NOT be used for diagnosis?
children
pregnancy
short duration of symptoms
acutely ill diabetic patients
Renal failure
HIV
About 88% of diabetes is type ……..
two
About 10% of diabetes is type ……..
one
Development of T1DM requires what 3 factors?
genetic pre-disposition
trigger (viral infection?)
autoimmunity
What effect does insulin have on adipose tissue?
reduced lipolysis
what effect does insulin have on the liver?
reduces glucose production
What effects does insulin have on muscle?
increases glucose uptake
diabetic ketoacidosis is a common feature in
T1DM
clinical presentation of T1DM
short duration symptoms
thirst
tiredness
polyuria
weight loss
blurred vision
abdominal pain
