Weight Training (1.2) Flashcards
strength endurance def
ability for muscles to withstand multiple contractions over a period of time
maximum strength def
ability to produce maximum amount of force in 1 contraction
explosive strength def
ability to produce maximum amount of force in 1 or a series of contractions
static strength def
force applied against resistance with no movement occurring, in an isometric contraction
dynamic strength def
force applied against resistance which changes length of muscles in isotonic contraction
factors affecting strength
cross sectional area fibre type (^physiological^) age gender training
cross sectional area
the bigger the better
max = 16-30 newtons of force per cm(2) of muscle
fibre type
depending on type of strength, the optimum fibre type will vary
age
strength declines with age due to decrease in elasticity of neuro-muscular system and testosterone
male peak strength
20-30
female peak strength
15-25
gender
testosterone allows more muscle fibres to develop = greater cross sectional area
men>women
grip strength dynamometer +
easy to carry out no training required easy to compare to nominative data inexpensive reliable
grip strength dynamometer -
only forearm strength
not sport specific
specialist equipment
1 person at a time
one rep max
maximum strength
grip strength dynamometer
maximum strength
one rep max +
lots of different muscles
reliable
sport specific
quite simple
one rep max -
expensive technique required can take long time (build up to weight) fatigue injury risk hard to isolate muscles
abdominal curl conditioning test
strength endurance
abdominal curl conditioning test +
little equipment needed
cheap
multiple people at once
abdominal curl conditioning test -
keep in time
form gets worse
not sport specific
press up test
strength endurance
press up test +
easy to set up
no equipment
cheap
multiple people at once
press up test -
correct form needed
not sport specific
need someone to count to prevent cheating
vertical jump test
explosive strength
vertical jump test +
simple/easy
little training
little equipment
vertical jump test -
technique needed
invalid (jump sideways)
fatigue if repeated
strength training def
where joints exert force to overcome resistance
muscle spindle
proprioreceptor which detects change in muscle length and initiates stretch reflex
