Energy Systems (1.2) Flashcards
ATP
adenosine triphosphate
energy currency
in every living tissue
2 seconds stored during vigorous exercise
exothermic reaction
reaction that releases heat
ATP –> ADP + P + Energy
breaks down ATP
endothermic reaction
reaction that requires energy
ADP + P + Energy –> ATP
Creates ATP
resynthesis of ATP
endothermic
ATP/PC system
Lactic acid system
Aerobic system
ATP/PC system process
energy + P + ADP –> ATP
PC –> P + C + energy (creatine kinase)
ADP + P + C –> ATP + C
ATP/PC system extra info
3-10 seconds high intensity e.g 100m sprint or vault in gymnastics muscle sarcoplasm coupled reaction
ATP/PC system positives (3)
produces 1 ATP
fast
only 2 reactions
ATP/PC system negatives (2)
produces 1 ATP
doesn’t last long
Lactic acid system process
.Glycogen - glucose GPP (glycogen phosphorylase) .Glucose - pyruvic acid PFK (phosphofructokinase) 2 ATP Pyruvic acid - lactic acid LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)
Lactic acid system extra info
11-180 seconds
High intensity
e.g 400m-800m runner
muscle sarcoplasm
lactic acid system positives (2)
produces 2 ATP
lasts quite long
lactic acid system negatives (2)
quite long process
harmful bi products
glycolysis
the breakdown of glycogen
Aerobic system process stages
glycolysis
Kreb’s cycle
electron transfer chain
aerobic system glycolysis process
.muscle sarcoplasm .glycogen - glucose GPP (glycogen phosphorylase) .glucose - pyruvic acid PFK (phosphofructokinase) 2ATP .pyruvic acid - Kreb's cycle
aerobic system Kreb’s cycle process
.mitochondria matrix
.Aceytal CoA combines with oxaloacetic acid to form citric acid
.fuelled by FFA’s and O2
.during this, a series of reactions occur creating 2 ATP molocules
.CO2 is formed and breathed out as a waste product
.Hydrogen produced as a biproduct and taken to the next stage
aerobic system electron transport chain process
.cristae of mitochondria
.hydrogen carried to electron transport chain by NAD(H) and FAD(H)
.hydrogen is removed by combining with oxygen and forming water
aerobic system extra info
3 mins +
low intensity
e.g marathon
aerobic system positives
produces 38 total ATP
lasts long
no harmful bi products
aerobic system negatives (3)
long process
lots of reactions
only low intensities
energy continuum
based on intensity and duration of exercise
allows us to find predominant energy system in an activity and inform it to be trained
enzymes
glycogen phosphorylase phosphofructokinase lactate dehydrogenase creatine kinase ATPase
