Injuries (1.2)

Question 1

arteriosclerosis

Answer 1

.hardening of artery walls, restricting vasoconstriction/vasodilation
.smoking accelerates process
.cardiovascular disease

Question 2

atherosclerosis

Answer 2

,high levels of cholesterol/fat deposits build up within arterial walls, causing a narrowing of the lumen
.increases chance of blood clots
.restricts blood flow - could lead to hyper tension (HBP)

Question 3

angina

Answer 3

.partial blockage of coronary artery, causing intense chest pain
.occurs when lack of blood/o2 is reaching heart muscle wall
.caused by arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis

Question 4

heart attack

Answer 4

.total restriction in o2/blood to part of the heart muscle wall
.likely caused by blood clots from larger coronary arteries being moved and then get stuck in smaller ones

Question 5

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer 5

group of lung conditions which narrow airways and make it hard to empty air from lungs

Question 6

chronic

Answer 6

long term

Question 7

pulmonary

Answer 7

lungs

Question 8

obstructive

Answer 8

airways are narrowed

Question 9

stroke

Answer 9

blood clots restricting o2 to brain

Question 10

asthma

Answer 10

restricting of arteries
airways narrow/swell and produce extra mucus - makes breathing difficult
caused by smoking/pollen/dust

Question 11

bronchitis

Answer 11

airways inflames/narrowed
often produce sputum/phlegm
causes narrowing of airways

Question 12

emphysema

Answer 12

affects tiny air sacs in the lungs
they break down and lungs become baggy/trap air
causes narrowing of airways

Question 13

acute injury

Answer 13

sudden traumatic event

e.g fractured clavicle in rugby tackle

Question 14

chronic injury

Answer 14

occur over period of time, after repeated stress on soft/hard tissue
e.g shin splints/tennis elbow

Question 15

chronic injury causes

Answer 15

sudden intensity increase
reduction in recovery time
poor technique
inadequate equipment 
poor warm up/cool down

Question 16

hard tissue injury

Answer 16

damage to bone/cartilage

e.g fracture/dislocation

Question 17

soft tissue injury

Answer 17

muscle strains/tears/torn ligaments
result in inflammation/bruising /lack of mobility
immediate attention to reduce recovery time

Question 18

concussion

Answer 18

traumatic, sudden brain injury
brain forced into inner lining of skull
grade 1,2,3 (mild,moderate,severe)

Question 19

concussion symptoms

Answer 19

headache
dizziness
balance issues
nausea
10% = loss of consciousness

Question 20

intrinsic risk factors

Answer 20

come from within performer

e.g i.p.make up, posture, r.o.m at joints

Question 21

extrinsic risk factors

Answer 21

come from outside performer

e.g poor technique, wrong clothing, poor warm up/cool down

Question 22

reducing extrinsic risk factors

Answer 22

correct clothing/equipment
correct footwear
effective warm up/cool down
correct technique

Question 23

SALTAPS

Answer 23

see
ask
look
touch
active 
passive
strength

Question 24

Saltaps

Answer 24

see - acknowledge injury, stop game to prevent further injury

Question 25

sAltaps

Answer 25

ask - question injured about nature/location of injury

Question 26

saLtaps

Answer 26

look - for signs of injury, comparing with non injured limb may help

Question 27

salTaps

Answer 27

touch - palpate injury to assess pain levels

Question 28

saltAps

Answer 28

active - can injured person move area unaided

Question 29

saltaPs

Answer 29

if active phase successful, assist in moving limb through full range of motion

Question 30

saltapS

Answer 30

strength - assess strength by applying resistance

Question 31

PRICE

Answer 31

protect
rest
ice
compress
elevate

Question 32

Price

Answer 32

protect - by removing player from the game and isolating injury

Question 33

pRice

Answer 33

rest - for 2-3 days

Question 34

prIce

Answer 34

ice - for 15 mins every 2 hrs

Question 35

priCe

Answer 35

compress - area with bandage to stop swelling

Question 36

pricE

Answer 36

elevate injury above heart to limit swelling

Question 37

6 Rs

Answer 37

recognise 
remove
refer
rest
recover
return

Question 38

recognise

Answer 38

nature/severity

Question 39

remove

Answer 39

player from pitch

Question 40

refer

Answer 40

player to medical pro

Question 41

rest

Answer 41

for appropriate time advised by medic

Question 42

recover

Answer 42

regularly assess to monitor effectiveness of treatment

Question 43

return

Answer 43

to play

Question 44

rehabilitation

Answer 44

early stage
mid stage
late stage

Question 45

early stage

Answer 45

gentle exercise - encourage healing

Question 46

mid stage

Answer 46

progressive overloading of affected area to develop strength

Question 47

late stage

Answer 47

functional exercise/drills to allow athlete to return