Injuries (1.2) Flashcards
arteriosclerosis
.hardening of artery walls, restricting vasoconstriction/vasodilation
.smoking accelerates process
.cardiovascular disease
atherosclerosis
,high levels of cholesterol/fat deposits build up within arterial walls, causing a narrowing of the lumen
.increases chance of blood clots
.restricts blood flow - could lead to hyper tension (HBP)
angina
.partial blockage of coronary artery, causing intense chest pain
.occurs when lack of blood/o2 is reaching heart muscle wall
.caused by arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis
heart attack
.total restriction in o2/blood to part of the heart muscle wall
.likely caused by blood clots from larger coronary arteries being moved and then get stuck in smaller ones
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
group of lung conditions which narrow airways and make it hard to empty air from lungs
chronic
long term
pulmonary
lungs
obstructive
airways are narrowed
stroke
blood clots restricting o2 to brain
asthma
restricting of arteries
airways narrow/swell and produce extra mucus - makes breathing difficult
caused by smoking/pollen/dust
bronchitis
airways inflames/narrowed
often produce sputum/phlegm
causes narrowing of airways
emphysema
affects tiny air sacs in the lungs
they break down and lungs become baggy/trap air
causes narrowing of airways
acute injury
sudden traumatic event
e.g fractured clavicle in rugby tackle
chronic injury
occur over period of time, after repeated stress on soft/hard tissue
e.g shin splints/tennis elbow
chronic injury causes
sudden intensity increase reduction in recovery time poor technique inadequate equipment poor warm up/cool down
hard tissue injury
damage to bone/cartilage
e.g fracture/dislocation
soft tissue injury
muscle strains/tears/torn ligaments
result in inflammation/bruising /lack of mobility
immediate attention to reduce recovery time
concussion
traumatic, sudden brain injury
brain forced into inner lining of skull
grade 1,2,3 (mild,moderate,severe)
concussion symptoms
headache dizziness balance issues nausea 10% = loss of consciousness
intrinsic risk factors
come from within performer
e.g i.p.make up, posture, r.o.m at joints
extrinsic risk factors
come from outside performer
e.g poor technique, wrong clothing, poor warm up/cool down
reducing extrinsic risk factors
correct clothing/equipment
correct footwear
effective warm up/cool down
correct technique
SALTAPS
see ask look touch active passive strength
Saltaps
see - acknowledge injury, stop game to prevent further injury
sAltaps
ask - question injured about nature/location of injury
saLtaps
look - for signs of injury, comparing with non injured limb may help
salTaps
touch - palpate injury to assess pain levels
saltAps
active - can injured person move area unaided
saltaPs
if active phase successful, assist in moving limb through full range of motion
saltapS
strength - assess strength by applying resistance
PRICE
protect rest ice compress elevate
Price
protect - by removing player from the game and isolating injury
pRice
rest - for 2-3 days
prIce
ice - for 15 mins every 2 hrs
priCe
compress - area with bandage to stop swelling
pricE
elevate injury above heart to limit swelling
6 Rs
recognise remove refer rest recover return
recognise
nature/severity
remove
player from pitch
refer
player to medical pro
rest
for appropriate time advised by medic
recover
regularly assess to monitor effectiveness of treatment
return
to play
rehabilitation
early stage
mid stage
late stage
early stage
gentle exercise - encourage healing
mid stage
progressive overloading of affected area to develop strength
late stage
functional exercise/drills to allow athlete to return
