Week Two - Beccaria's Twelve Principles of Justice

Question 1

What is Beccaria’s First Principle of Justice?

Answer 1

Enact laws that are clear, simple, unbiased and reflects the consensus of the population

Question 2

What is Beccaria’s Second Principle of Justice?

Answer 2

As few restrictions on individual freedom as possible

Question 3

What is Beccaria’s Third Principle of Justice?

Answer 3

Educate the public

Question 4

What is Beccaria’s Fourth Principle of Justice?

Answer 4

Eliminate corruption from the administration of justice

Question 5

What is Beccaria’s Fifth Principle of Justice?

Answer 5

Reward virtue

Question 6

What is Beccaria’s Sixth Principle of Justice?

Answer 6

Justification of punishment is rehabilitation, not revenge, and to protect individual rights

Question 7

What is Beccaria’s Seventh Principle of Justice?

Answer 7

Punishment must be proportionate and strictly limited (should not exceed the harm done). The evil inflicted on an offender should exceed the advantage gained from crime (but beyond this it is ineffective and tyrannical)

Question 8

What is Beccaria’s Eighth Principle of Justice?

Answer 8

Penalties should correspond with the nature of the offence and its extent in society

Question 9

What is Beccaria’s Ninth Principle of Justice?

Answer 9

Punishment should be certain and speedy. Deterrence is more effective if it is certain, fast and mild

Question 10

What is Beccaria’s Tenth Principle of Justice?

Answer 10

Exemplary punishment (e.g. public execution) should be prohibited.

Question 11

What is Beccaria’s Eleventh Principle of Justice?

Answer 11

All deserve the same punishment for the same crime.

Question 12

What is Beccaria’s Twelfth Principle of Justice?

Answer 12

It is better to prevent crimes than to punish them.