week 9-chapter 17&30 Flashcards
Stimulus Control
Occurs when the rate, latency, duration, or amplitude of a response is altered in the presence of an antecedent stimulus.
Establishing operation
makes the reinforcer more valuable
Abolishing operation
makes the reinforcer less valuable
Stimulus Generalization
Occurs when stimuli that share similar physical characteristics with the
controlling stimulus evoke the same behavior as the controlling stimulus
Stimulus Discrimination
Occurs when new stimuli that are similar to the controlling stimulus do not
evoke the same response as the controlling stimulus
Stimulus discrimination training
Requires one behavior, Two antecedent stimulus conditions,
Response that occurs in the presence of the Sd are…
reinforced
responses that occurs in the presence of the S(little triangle) are…
Not reinforced.
Feature stimulus class
Stimuli share common physical forms (i.e.,
topographical structures), Stimuli share common relative relationship
(i.e., spatial arrangements), Developed through stimulus generalization
Arbitrary stimulus class
Do not share a common stimulus feature, Limited number of stimuli, Developed using stimulus equivalence
Stimulus Equivalence
The emergence of accurate responding to untrained and nonreinforced stimulus-
stimulus relations following the reinforcement of responses to some stimulus-stimulus relations
Testing for Stimulus
Equivalence
Must have a positive demonstration on 3 different behavioral tests that represent the following mathematical statement:
– If A = B, and
– B = C, then
– A = C
Reflexivity
Occurs when in the absence of training
and reinforcement, a participant selects a
stimulus that is matched to itself (A = A)
* Matching to sample
Symmetry
Occurs with reversibility of the sample
stimulus and the comparison stimulus (if A
= B, then B = A)
Transitivity
Requires demonstration of three untrained
stimulus-stimulus sequences
A = B relation (spoken name = picture)
B = C relation (picture = written word)
A = C relation (spoken word = written word)
Stimulus Salience
Prominence of the stimulus in the environment, Increased saliency facilitates efficiency of instruction
Antecedent stimulus class
A set of stimuli that share a common relationship. All stimuli in an antecedent stimulus class evoke the same operant behavior or elicit the same respondent behavior.
Concept
A stimulus class whose members share a common set of features.
conditional discrimination
Performance in a match-to-sample procedure in which discrimination between the comparison stimuli is conditional on or depends on the sample stimulus present on each trial.
constant time delay
A procedure for transferring stimulus control from contrived response prompts to naturally existing stimuli. After the student has responded correctly to several 0-sec delay trials, after which presentation of the response prompt follows the instructions; stimulus by a predetermined and fixed delay for all subsequent trials.
discriminative stimulus
A stimulus in the presence of which a given behavior has been reinforced in the absence of which they behavior has not been reinforced. As a result if this history and SD evoke operant behavior because its presence signals the availability of reinforcement.
errorless learning
A variety of techniques for gradually transferring stimulus control with a minimum of errors.
least-to-most response prompts
Matching-to-sample
most-to-least response prompts
over selective stimulus control
A condition in which the range of discriminative stimuli or stimulus features controlling behavior is extremely limited; often interferes with learning.
overshadowing
Occurs when the most salient component of a compound stimulus agreement controls responding and interferes with the acquisition of stimulus control by the more relevant stimulus.
progressive time delay
response prompts
stimulus blocking
stimulus delta
stimulus fading
stimulus generalization gradient
stimulus prompts
time delay
