Chapter 2- Respondent behavior Flashcards
Applied Behavior Analysis
The science in which tactics derived from the principles of
behavior are applied systematically to improve socially
significant behavior and experimentation is used to
identify the variables responsible for behavior change.
What is Applied?
Focuses on the social significance of the behavior studied: Aims to change behavior so that it is more acceptable to the person(s) involved, to others, and/or to society as a whole.
What is Analysis?
Understanding and manipulating events that control behavior
Behavior
That portion of an organism’s interaction with its environment that is characterized by detectable displacement of space through time of some
part of the organism and results in a measurable change in at least one aspect of the environment
Elements of behavior
Living thing (organism), interaction with the environment, part of an organism, and displacement in space through time, and results in a measurable change in at least one aspect of the environment.
Response class
a group of behaviors of varying topography, all of which
produce the same effect on the environment.
Response
a single instance or occurrence of a specific class or type of
behavior
Technical definition of response
An action of an organism’s effector-which is an organ at the end of an efferent
nerve fiber that is specialized for altering its environment mechanically, chemically, or in terms of other energy changes.
Environment
The conglomerate of real
circumstances in which the organism or referenced part of the organism exists
Stimulus
An energy change that affects
an organism through its receptor cells
Dimensions of stimulus events
Formally, Temporally,
functionally
Stimulus class
any group of stimuli sharing a predetermined set of
common elements in one or more of the aforementioned dimensions (i.e., formal, temporal, functional)
Formal Dimension of Stimuli
Define the specific characteristics of stimuli, includes color, shape, intensity, etc. , Non social and social.
Temporal Dimension of Stimuli
has to do with stimuli
changes occurring within and across time, as it relates
to behaviors of interest
antecedent
An environmental condition or stimulus change existing or occurring prior to a behavior of interest.
consequence
A stimulus change that follows a behavior of interest