Week 8 chapter 16 Flashcards
Evocative effect
increase in the current frequency of behvaior that has been reinforced by some stimulus, object, or event.
Abative Effect
Decrease in the current frequency of behavir that has been reinforced by some stimulus, object, or event.
Value altering effects
An increase in the reinforcung effectivness of some stimulus, object, or event (EO) OR a decrease in reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event (Abolishing operation)
Behavior-altering effects
Operate on the current frquency og the behavior, involves antecedent variables, and can evoke abate responses, but not alter them.
function altering effects
Operate on the future frequency of the behavior, consequences variables (reinforcers, punishes, extinction, recovery) and change repertoire of functional relations.
SD
Related to the differential availability of a currently effective form of reincorcememnt for a particular type of behavior.
MO
Related to the differential reinforcing effectivness of a particular type of encurinmental event.
Why does an SD effect behavior?
Its precesnse has been correlated with the differential availability of an effective reinforcer in the past.
Differential availability
the relevant consequence has been available in the presence of the SD and unavailable in its absence.
An MO controlls behavior because…
Its relation to the differential effectivness og a reingorcer for that behavior.
Differential effectivness
The relevant consequence has been effective in the presence of and ineffective in the absence of the MO.
Unconditioned Motivating Operations
Value altering motivating effects that are unlearned
Conditioned Motivating Operations
Value -altering motivating effects that are a function of a learning history.
Examples of UMOs
Deprivation and satiation UMOS, UMOs relevant to sexual reinforcement, temperature changes, and painful stimulation.
Deprivation and satiation UMOs
Deprivation of food, water, oxygen, activity, and sleep= reinforcer-establishing and evocative effects.
Ingestion of food and water, oxygen intake, engaging in activity, and sleep= reinforcer-abolishing and abative effects.
True or false: Individuals do not have to understand anything for an MO to have value-altering and behavior-altering effects.
True
True or False: Relevant MO does not have to be in effect in future circumstances if behavior is to occur?
False, MO must be in effect
Weakening effects of an EO
Reinforcer-establishing and evocative effects of UMOs can be temporarily weakened
Cannot permanently weaken value-altering effects of UMOs
Behavior-altering effects are based on history of reinforcement.
Frequencyof behavior result of:
Direct evocative or abative effect of the MO on response frequency or indirect effect on the evocative or abative strength of relevant SDs
Dimensions of behavior-altering effects
Frequency, Response magnitude, response latency, and relative frequency.
Abolishing operation
A motivating operation that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, operation, or event. For example, the reinforcing effectiveness of food is abolished as a result of food ingestion.
establishing operation
A motivating operation that increases the effectiveness of some stimulus, object or event.
reflexive conditioned motivating operation (CMO-R)
A stimulus that acquires MO effectiveness by preceding some form of worsening or improvement. It is exemplified by the warning stimulus in a typical escape-avoidance procedure, which establishes its own offset as reinforcement and evokes all behavior that has accomplished that offset.
Reinforcer-abolishing effect
A decrease in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.
Reinforcer-establishing effect
An increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.
surrogate conditioned motivating operation (CMO-S)
A stimulus that acquires its MO effectiveness by being paired with another MO and has the same value-altering and behavior-altering effects as the MO with which it was paired.
Transitive conditioned motivating operation (CMT-O)
An environmental variable that as a result of learning history, establishes or abolishes the reinforcing effectiveness of anther stimulus and evokes or abates the behavior that has been reinforced by that other stimulus.
MO pairing
