Week 9 Flashcards
compulsive sexual thoughts and acts
sexual addiction
any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours
circadian rhythm
less than 24 hour sleep-wake cycle
ultradian rhythm
greater than 24 hour sleep-wake cycle
Infradian rhythm
yearly sleep-wake cycle (seasonal rhythm) (migration)
circannual rhythm
independent of external cues, entrainable
characteristics of a circadian rhythm
located in the hypothalamus, controls circadian rhythms. Activated only during the day and helps animals distinguish between day and night by inhibiting melatonin production by the pineal gland
suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN)
AKA the “sleep hormone.” It peaks in the middle of the night for humans.
melatonin
a test that contains and EEG, EOG, and EMG. It is a combination of signals that helps to tell what phase of sleep a person is in.
polysomnography
stage 1 nREM, stage 2 nREM, stage 3 nREM, REM
phases of sleep
a sleep stage that is similar to an awake EEG, heart rate and muscle tension decrease, contains both beta and alpha rhythms
stage 1 nREM
a sleep stage in which sleep spindles occur, contains K-complexes which reflects the brain’s attempts to monitor the external environment while maintaining sleep
stage 2 nREM
a sleep stage in which sleep spindles occur, contains K-complexes which reflects the brain’s attempts to monitor the external environment while maintaining sleep
stage 2 nREM
two stages of sleep that contain delta waves which have a large amplitude and are very slow waves
stage 3 & 4 nREM
the sleep stage in which dreams occur, characterized by rapid eye movement. This sleep stage has an active EEG like an awake person but the muscles are relaxed.
REM
sleep deprivation affects the immune system
restoration function of sleep
the activity occurring during neonatal REM sleep is particularly important to the developing organism
ontogeny function of sleep
memory is better after sleep and sleep deprivation can impair memory
memory function of sleep
sleep protects animals during the portion of the 24 hour day in which being awake would place the animals at the greatest risk
preservation function of sleep
abnormality in the amount, quality or timing of sleep. Include disorders such as insomnia, narcolepsy and sleep apnea
dyssomnias
abnormal behavior or physiology during sleep. Disorders include nightmares, night terrors, sleep walking and restless leg syndrome.
parasomnias
inability to fall asleep or stay asleep as long as desired
insomnia
chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain’s inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally
narcolepsy
Condition in which the muscle paralysis normally associated with REM sleep occurs when the person is fully awake
cataplexy
pauses in breathing or instances of shallow or infrequent breathing during sleep.
sleep apnea
Sleepwalkers arise from the slow wave sleep (nREM) stage in a state of low consciousness and perform activities that are usually performed during a state of full consciousness.
somnambulism
