Week 4 Flashcards
Any substance that alters the function of the body or brain.
Drug
Mimics or enhances the effect of a Neuro transmitter. Increase synthesis, promote release, block reuptake or degradation, block presynaptic auto receptors, activate postsynaptic receptors.
Agonist
Blocks or decreases the effect of a neurotransmitter. Reduces synthesis, prevent storage, block release, activate, presynaptic auto receptors, block postsynaptic receptors
Antagonist
Any drug with psychological affect-passes through the blood brain barrier directly affecting the brain.
Therapeutic versus toxic
Psychoactive drug
Many toxins act on the acetylcholine system. Usually causing death via paralysis or violent muscle contraction followed by paralysis.
Drug interactions at the cholinergic synapse
Morphine, heroin, codeine, endorphins, oxycotin.
Synthesized from sap of opium poppy. Endorphin receptor agonist direct effects on endorphin receptors lead to pain relief, perceptual changes. also leads to increase dopamine release.
Opiates
Alcohol, barbiturates,Quaalude, Valium
Drugs that reduce central nervous system activity. Gabba agonist.
Depressants
Tobacco, caffeine, cocaine, methamphetamine.
Drugs that increase central nervous system activity (heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, arousal, alertness, elevate mood)
Stimulants
LSD, PCP, psilocybin, ecstasy
distortions. Can be a glutamate or serotonin receptor, agonist (LSD, mushrooms, ecstasy) or antagonist (PCP).
Psychedelic drugs and disassociative anesthetics
THC, agonist at receptors for Endogenous cannabinoid in the brain leads to increased dopamine release. Effects on learning, cognitive performance, feeding behavior, and anxiety behavior.
Marijuana
Lessen effects as a result of repeated administration
Tolerance
Occurs when a substance use is discontinued; opposite of the effects caused by the discontinued drug
Withdrawal
Compulsive need to use the drug repeatedly. Once this occurs, motivation is not to seek pleasure, but to avoid pain of withdrawal.
Addiction
