Week 6 Flashcards
From a physical stimulus to an electrical signal. Used by the nervous system.
Transduction
Steady depolarization of the outer segment of rods in complete darkness
The dark current
Region in the sensory periphery within which stimuli can influence the electrical activity of sensory cells
Receptive field
Área of space in which light can alter bipolar cell polarization (center-surround receptive field)
Bipolar cell receptive field
Motion recognition. Also called the “where” and “how” stream
Dorsal stream
Object recognition. Also called the “what” stream.
Ventral stream
Information from the environment and its transmission to the CNS
Sensation
Personalized interpretation of sensory data
Perception
The pitch of a stimulus
Frequency
The loudness of a stimulus
Amplitude
Outer ear. Collects sounds
Auricle/pinna
Middle ear. Contains 3 ossicles= malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), stapes (stirrup). Mechanically converts the vibrations into amplified pressure waves in the fluid of the cochlea
Ear drum
Spiraled, hollowed, conical chamber of bone, in which waves propagate.
Cochlea
Separates vestibular canal from cochlear canal
Reissner’s membrane
Separates tympanic Canal from cochlear canal
Basilar membrane
The sensory organ of hearing. Contains hair cells.
Organ of corti
Acts as a receptor for auditory transduction. Sits on the basilar membrane. Attached to the tectorial membrane via cilia. Vibrations of the basilar membrane bends and activates this.
Hair cells
Receives input from amacrine and bipolar cells. Provides sole output to the brain. Generates action potentials
Ganglion cells
Receives projections from the LGN. Located in the occipital lobe
Striate cortex
How touch is translated. Has unmyelinated axon fibers w/ mechanosensitive ion channels (activated by physical movement)
Mechanoreceptors
Shape and texture mechanoreceptor
Merkel disk
Motion detection and grip control mechanoreceptor
Meissner’s corpuscle
Skin stretch and tangential force mechanoreceptor
Ruffini ending
Perception of distant events through vibrations (mechanoreceptor)
Pacinian corpuscle
Short lived version of pain
First pain
Long lasting version of pain
Second pain
Expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons. Responsible for the detection of odor molecules
Olfactory receptors
