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Z-Behavioral Neuroscience > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The nervous system operates by electrical transmission dualism

A

Galvani

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2
Q

Speech production center of the brain located in the ventral posterior region of the frontal lobes

A

Broca

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3
Q

Nervous system consist of vast interconnected webs of continuous fibers (“ reticular theory”)

A

Golgi

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4
Q

Nervous system is composed of arrays of separated, independent cells (“ neuron doctrine”)

A

Cajal

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5
Q

Founder of the field of experimental, research psychology

A

B.F. Skinner

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6
Q

Involves the application of fundamental ethical principles to a variety of topics involving research

A

Research ethics

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7
Q

Set of research ethic principles for human experimentation

A

The Nuremberg code

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8
Q

Computerized tomography. Uses multiple x-rays to construct a 3-D image. Great spatial resolution, but only fair soft tissue contrast resolution.

A

CT

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9
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic field and radio waves used to produce high resolution. Structural images of the brain. fair spatial revolution, great soft tissue contrast resolution.

A

MRI

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10
Q

Positron emission tomography. Injection of a radioactive substance into the bloodstream, which is taken up by parts of the brain, according to how active they are. Activity image-baseline image= difference image.

A

PET

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11
Q

Functional MRI. Measures brain, activation by detecting increases in oxygenated blood directed at active neural structures. BOLD (blood-oxygen-dependent-signal).

A

fMRI

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12
Q

Electroencephalogram. Scalp electrodes provide information about the activity of large population of neurons. Used to study sleep and diagnose seizures.

A

EEG

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13
Q

The electrical stimulation of the brain applied during neurosurgery

A

Brain stimulation

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14
Q

Surgical treatment involving the implantation of a medical device, called a brain pacemaker, which send electrical impulses to specific parts of the brain. Can help with Parkinson’s.

A

Deep brain stimulation

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15
Q

A non-invasive method to cause depolarization or hyper polarization in the neurons. It uses electromagnetic induction to induce, weak, electric currents, using a rapidly changing magnetic field can help with depression, schizophrenia, and more.

A

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

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16
Q

Areas of the brain that I’ve been damaged by disease, congenital, malformation, trauma, stroke, or infection

A

Lesions

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17
Q

Used to identify particular chemicals in specific brand locations order to determine the role of a particular chemical for a specific functions.

A

Biochemical manipulation

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18
Q

Analysis of chemicals, president, and the extra cellular fluid

A

Microdialysis

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19
Q

Infusing a drug into a specific brain region

A

Central drug infusion

20
Q

Used to identify the contribution of genes to particular behaviors

A

Genetic manipulation

21
Q

Rostral/anterior

A

Head/front

22
Q

Caudal/posterior

A

Tail/back

23
Q

Dorsal/superior

A

Top/back

24
Q

Ventral/inferior

A

Bottom/belly

25
Q

Medial

A

Middle

26
Q

Lateral

A

Outside

27
Q

Proximal

A

Near core

28
Q

Distal

A

Extremities

29
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side

30
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side

31
Q

Line that defines nervous system

A

Neuraxis

32
Q

Parallel to midline

A

Sagittal section

33
Q

Divides nervous system front to back

A

Coronal section

34
Q

Divides brain from top to bottom

A

Horizontal section

35
Q

Provides protection and cushion to the brain. There are three main layers, Dura mater, subarachnoid, space, and pia mater.

A

Meninges

36
Q

Inflammation of the meninges. Caused by bacteria, virus, or fungus. Swelling in the subarachnoid space. Increases intracranial pressure.

A

Meningitis

37
Q

Blood can collect between meningeal layers (epidural hematoma, subdural, hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage). Increases intracranial pressure.

A

Brain injuries

38
Q

There are four in total. Two lateral, one at the midline, and one near the spinal cord it is filled with cerebral spinal fluid.

A

Ventricles

39
Q

Keep the brain buoyant in the skull. Provides cushioning. Similar composition to blood plasma. Produced in choroid plexus. replenished four times a day.

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

40
Q

The main arteries supplying blood to the brain.

A

Internal carotid artery, vertebral artery.

41
Q

Made up of the brain and spinal cord

A

Central nervous system

42
Q

There is a connection between the central nervous system and muscles, organs, and skin. Composed of neurons and glia.

A

Peripheral nervous system

43
Q

Information moving toward the central nervous system from sensory receptors

A

Afferent/ascending

44
Q

Information moving away from the central nervous system to muscles and organs

A

Efferent/descending

45
Q

Somatosensory (skin feeling), skeletal motor (muscle control), cranial, and spinal nerves (12 pairs, sensory nerves, motor, nerves, and mixed nerves)

A

Somatic nervous system

46
Q

Controls and senses, glands, and organs. Holds the sympathetic (fight or flight ) and parasympathetic (rest and digest) nervous system.

A

Autonomic nervous system

47
Q

Non-neuronal. Provides physical and functional support to neurons. May have many important, clinical implications. Four types, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells.

A

Glia

Z-Behavioral Neuroscience (12 decks)

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