Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SBI172 > Week 8 - Intro to nervous system > Flashcards

Week 8 - Intro to nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

What is one of the basic functions of the nervous system? A) Motor output B) Digestive processing C) Hormonal regulation D) Cellular respiration

A

A) Motor output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for processing information? A) Peripheral Nervous System B) Central Nervous System C) Somatic Nervous System D) Autonomic Nervous System

A

B) Central Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of neurons transmit impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS? A) Motor neurons B) Interneurons C) Sensory neurons D) Multipolar neurons

A

C) Sensory neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for: A) Rest and digest activities B) Preparing the body for stress C) Muscle control D) Sensory input

A

B) Preparing the body for stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structure in a motor neuron receives signals from other neurons? A) Axon B) Dendrites C) Myelin sheath D) Axon terminals

A

B) Dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which glial cells are responsible for producing myelin in the CNS? A) Microglia B) Schwann cells C) Astrocytes D) Oligodendrocytes

A

D) Oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the primary role of Schwann cells? A) Regulate nutrient exchange B) Produce myelin sheaths C) Clear debris D) Line the brain’s ventricles

A

B) Produce myelin sheaths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is typically around: A) 0 mV B) -70 mV C) -40 mV D) +30 mV

A

B) -70 mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which of the following describes a graded potential? A) All or nothing response B) Long-distance signal C) Varies in amplitude D) Always the same

A

C) Varies in amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump? A) To increase potassium concentration inside the cell B) To maintain ion concentration gradients C) To decrease sodium concentration outside the cell D) To facilitate neurotransmitter release

A

B) To maintain ion concentration gradients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do action potentials travel along? A) Dendrites B) Axon C) Myelin sheath D) Cell body

A

B) Axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In which type of synapse do neurotransmitters cross a synaptic cleft? A) Electrical synapse B) Chemical synapse C) Gap junctions D) Neuronal circuit

A

B) Chemical synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of neurotransmitter is glutamate classified as? A) Inhibitory B) Excitatory C) Modulatory D) Hormonal

A

B) Excitatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which neurotransmitter is primarily inhibitory and found in the CNS? A) Acetylcholine B) Dopamine C) GABA D) Norepinephrine

A

C) GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The primary role of astrocytes in the CNS includes: A) Producing myelin B) Immune defense C) Nutrient regulation D) Electrical conduction

A

C) Nutrient regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which division of the PNS controls voluntary muscle movement? A) Autonomic nervous system B) Sympathetic division C) Somatic nervous system D) Sensory division

A

C) Somatic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens during depolarization of a neuron? A) Membrane potential becomes more negative B) Membrane potential becomes less negative C) Membrane potential remains the same D) Membrane potential becomes zero

A

B) Membrane potential becomes less negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which type of neurons connect sensory and motor neurons? A) Sensory neurons B) Motor neurons C) Interneurons D) Unipolar neurons

A

C) Interneurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the primary component of the myelin sheath in the PNS? A) Oligodendrocytes B) Schwann cells C) Astrocytes D) Microglia

A

B) Schwann cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of receptors are responsible for initiating a second-messenger pathway? A) Ionotropic B) Metabotropic C) Electrical D) Mechanical

A

B) Metabotropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a characteristic of bipolar neurons? A) Multiple axons B) One axon and one dendrite C) Many dendrites D) Single process that splits into two branches

A

B) One axon and one dendrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The main effect of the parasympathetic division is to: A) Increase heart rate B) Prepare for fight or flight C) Promote rest and digest D) Increase respiration rate

A

C) Promote rest and digest

23
Q

Which ions are more concentrated inside a neuron at resting potential? A) Sodium B) Potassium C) Chloride D) Calcium

A

B) Potassium

24
Q

How does temperature affect nerve conduction speed? A) Colder temperatures increase speed B) Colder temperatures decrease speed C) Temperature has no effect D) Warmer temperatures slow down conduction

A

B) Colder temperatures decrease speed

25
Q

What are gap junctions primarily involved in? A) Chemical transmission B) Electrical transmission C) Ion exchange D) Nutrient flow

A

B) Electrical transmission

26
Q

Which neurotransmitter is involved in muscle contraction? A) Norepinephrine B) Acetylcholine C) Dopamine D) Serotonin

A

B) Acetylcholine

27
Q

What is a unique feature of unipolar neurons? A) Found in the retina B) Single process that splits C) Many dendrites D) Rare in the human body

A

B) Single process that splits

28
Q

Which of the following describes action potential propagation in myelinated axons? A) Continuous conduction B) Saltatory conduction C) Graded potential D) Electrical conduction

A

B) Saltatory conduction

29
Q

What happens during hyperpolarization? A) Membrane potential decreases B) Membrane potential becomes more negative C) Membrane potential stabilizes D) Membrane potential increases

A

B) Membrane potential becomes more negative

30
Q

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in mood regulation and sleep? A) Norepinephrine B) Serotonin C) Dopamine D) GABA

A

B) Serotonin

31
Q

What is the role of microglia in the CNS? A) Produce myelin B) Provide structural support C) Act as immune cells D) Regulate nutrient exchange

A

C) Act as immune cells

32
Q

Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting impulses? A) Dendrites B) Cell body C) Axon D) Myelin sheath

A

C) Axon

33
Q

What kind of potential is initiated by chemical signals from neurotransmitters? A) Action potential B) Graded potential C) Resting potential D) Threshold potential

A

B) Graded potential

34
Q

The primary effect of inhibitory neurotransmitters is to: A) Depolarize the neuron B) Hyperpolarize the neuron C) Activate the sodium-potassium pump D) Facilitate action potentials

A

B) Hyperpolarize the neuron

35
Q

Which glial cell type helps maintain the blood-brain barrier? A) Oligodendrocytes B) Astrocytes C) Microglia D) Satellite cells

A

B) Astrocytes

36
Q

What structure at the end of the axon releases neurotransmitters? A) Dendrites B) Cell body C) Axon terminals D) Myelin sheath

A

C) Axon terminals

37
Q

The primary role of the sodium-potassium pump is to: A) Facilitate signal transmission B) Maintain ion concentration gradients C) Produce ATP D) Enhance neurotransmitter release

A

B) Maintain ion concentration gradients

38
Q

What is the function of the ependymal cells in the CNS? A) Produce myelin B) Produce CSF C) Clear debris D) Regulate nutrient exchange

A

B) Produce CSF

They line the ventricals of the brain

39
Q

The primary difference between electrical and chemical synapses is: A) Speed of transmission B) Direction of transmission C) Type of signal transmitted D) Structure of the synapse

A

A) Speed of transmission

40
Q

Which of the following is an example of an excitatory neurotransmitter? A) GABA B) Glycine C) Acetylcholine D) Serotonin

A

C) Acetylcholine

41
Q

What effect does the sodium-potassium pump have on resting membrane potential? A) Decreases negativity B) Increases negativity C) Stabilizes at -70 mV D) Fluctuates the potential

A

C) Stabilizes at -70 mV

42
Q

What type of receptors directly open ion channels upon neurotransmitter binding? A) Ionotropic receptors B) Metabotropic receptors C) G-protein coupled receptors D) Voltage-gated receptors

A

A) Ionotropic receptors

43
Q

What is the primary role of the dendrites in a neuron? A) Transmit signals away from the cell body B) Integrate incoming signals C) Support the neuron D) Release neurotransmitters

A

B) Integrate incoming signals

44
Q

How does an action potential differ from a graded potential? A) Graded potentials travel longer distances B) Action potentials vary in amplitude C) Action potentials are all-or-nothing D) Graded potentials do not decay

A

C) Action potentials are all-or-nothing

45
Q

Which of the following is a primary function of the nervous system? A) Energy production B) Integration C) Hormone secretion D) Nutrient absorption

A

B) Integration

46
Q

What is the primary role of astrocytes in the central nervous system? A) Insulating axons B) Immune defense C) Structural support D) Nutrient absorption

A

C) Structural support

47
Q

Which of the following neurons is responsible for transmitting impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS? A) Motor neurons B) Interneurons C) Sensory neurons D) Multipolar neurons

A

C) Sensory neurons

48
Q

What is the resting membrane potential typically measured at in a neuron? A) +30 mV B) -70 mV C) 0 mV D) -90 mV

A

B) -70 mV

49
Q

Which glial cell type is involved in the production of myelin in the peripheral nervous system? A) Oligodendrocytes B) Schwann cells C) Satellite cells D) Astrocytes

A

B) Schwann cells

50
Q

What is the primary difference between graded potentials and action potentials? A) Graded potentials are all-or-nothing responses B) Graded potentials can vary in amplitude C) Graded potentials always travel long distances D) Graded potentials occur only in axons

A

B) Graded potentials can vary in amplitude

51
Q

Which type of neurotransmitter receptor directly opens ion channels upon binding? A) Ionotropic receptors B) Metabotropic receptors C) G-protein coupled receptors D) Second-messenger receptors

A

A) Ionotropic receptors

52
Q

What effect does the sodium-potassium pump have on neuronal resting potential? A) It decreases intracellular sodium B) It increases intracellular potassium C) It establishes concentration gradients D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

53
Q

What characterizes a chemical synapse? A) Direct flow of ions between cells B) Release of neurotransmitters across a synaptic cleft C) Bidirectional signal transmission D) None of the above

A

B) Release of neurotransmitters across a synaptic cleft

54
Q

Which of the following ions has a higher concentration inside the neuron at resting membrane potential? A) Sodium (Na⁺) B) Potassium (K⁺) C) Calcium (Ca²⁺) D) Chloride (Cl⁻)

A

B) Potassium (K⁺)

SBI172 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions