Week 3 - Integumentary Flashcards
Which layer of the skin is responsible for binding skin to underlying structures and acting as a cushion?
a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Subcutaneous tissue (Hypodermis)
c) Subcutaneous tissue (Hypodermis)
What is the primary function of the stratum corneum?
a) Produce melanin
b) Provide a barrier to protect underlying tissues
c) Sense touch
d) Produce keratin
b) Provide a barrier to protect underlying tissues
Which type of skin cancer is most likely to spread and requires wide excision?
a) Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
b) Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
c) Melanoma
d) Keratosis
c) Melanoma
What is the role of dendritic cells in the epidermis?
a) Produce melanin
b) Sense touch
c) Ingest foreign substances and damaged cells
d) Provide strength and flexibility
c) Ingest foreign substances and damaged cells
What does the ABCD rule help identify in skin cancer?
a) Basal Cell Carcinoma
b) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
c) Melanoma
d) Sunburn
c) Melanoma
Which layer of the dermis contains sensory nerve endings and capillaries?
a) Papillary layer
b) Reticular layer
c) Epidermis
d) Subcutaneous tissue
a) Papillary layer
Which two types of cells are found in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis?
a) Keratinocytes
b) Melanocytes
c) Dendritic cells
d) Tactile (Merkel) cells
a) Keratinocytes
c) Dendritic cells
What is the main function of apocrine sweat glands?
a) Regulate body temperature
b) Produce sebum
c) Contribute to body odour
d) Provide moisture to nails
c) Contribute to body odour
Which skin marking is caused by extreme stretching that leads to dermal tears?
a) Friction ridges
b) Flexure lines
c) Striae
d) Blisters
c) Striae
How does the skin help in the synthesis of Vitamin D?
a) By producing sebum
b) By absorbing UV light
c) By excreting waste
d) By detecting sensation
b) By absorbing UV light
What is the main function of the stratum lucidum?
a) Sensory response
b) Additional barrier for palms and soles
c) Keratin production
d) Immune response
b) Additional barrier for palms and soles
Which type of melanin is responsible for reddish-yellow skin tones?
a) Eumelanin
b) Pheomelanin
c) Keratin
d) Collagen
b) Pheomelanin
What is the primary role of keratinocytes in the epidermis?
a) Produce melanin
b) Produce keratin
c) Sense touch
d) Ingest foreign substances
b) Produce keratin
In which layer of the epidermis does keratin production begin?
a) Stratum corneum
b) Stratum granulosum
c) Stratum spinosum
d) Stratum basal
b) Stratum granulosum
What is the main function of sebaceous glands?
a) Regulate body temperature
b) Produce sebum to keep skin moisturised
c) Provide sensory input
d) Produce sweat
b) Produce sebum to keep skin moisturised
What does the stratum spinosum contribute to the skin?
a) Strength, flexibility, immune response
b) Additional barrier for thick skin
c) Sensory nerve endings
d) Melanin production
a) Strength, flexibility, immune response
Which layer of the dermis contains dense connective tissue with elastic and collagen fibres?
a) Papillary layer
b) Reticular layer
c) Epidermis
d) Subcutaneous tissue
b) Reticular layer
How are blisters typically formed?
a) By sweat duct openings
b) By dermal folds
c) By acute trauma separating dermal and epidermal layers
d) By excessive melanin production
c) By acute trauma separating dermal and epidermal layers
Which cell type in the epidermis helps detect light touch?
a) Melanocytes
b) Dendritic cells
c) Tactile (Merkel) cells
d) Keratinocytes
c) Tactile (Merkel) cells
What is the main function of the hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue)?
a) Store energy
b) Provide a barrier
c) Sense touch
d) Produce keratin
a) Store energy
What indicates pallor in the skin?
a) Increased melanin production
b) Increased blood flow
c) Decreased blood flow to the skin
d) Excessive sweating
c) Decreased blood flow to the skin
What are friction ridges also known as?
a) Flexure lines
b) Striae
c) Fingerprints
d) Blisters
c) Fingerprints
Which layer of skin is only found in thick skin areas such as the palms and soles?
a) Stratum corneum
b) Stratum granulosum
c) Stratum lucidum
d) Stratum basal
c) Stratum lucidum
What is the primary function of eccrine sweat glands?
a) Regulate body temperature
b) Produce sebum
c) Contribute to body odour
d) Produce ear wax
a) Regulate body temperature
What is the most common type of skin cancer?
a) Melanoma
b) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
c) Basal Cell Carcinoma
d) Keratosis
c) Basal Cell Carcinoma
How does melanin protect the skin from UV light?
a) By creating a cap over the nucleus of keratinocytes
b) By increasing blood flow
c) By reducing sweat production
d) By stimulating collagen production
a) By creating a cap over the nucleus of keratinocytes
What do flexure lines in the skin result from?
a) Sweat duct openings
b) Dermal folds where skin cannot slide easily
c) Extreme stretching
d) Trauma separating skin layers
b) Dermal folds where skin cannot slide easily
What causes the red or purple marks on the skin known as bruises?
a) Increased melanin
b) Damage to blood vessels and leakage of blood into tissues
c) Accumulation of sebum
d) Stretching of the dermis
b) Damage to blood vessels and leakage of blood into tissues
What is the main function of the arrector pili muscle associated with hair follicles?
a) Produce oil
b) Sense touch
c) Make hair stand up (goosebumps)
d) Regulate body temperature
c) Make hair stand up (goosebumps)
Which type of burn involves the full thickness of the skin and typically requires skin grafts?
a) 1st degree
b) 2nd degree
c) 3rd degree
d) 4th degree
c) 3rd degree
