Week 10 - PNS Flashcards
Which of the following is a component of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)? A) Brain B) Spinal cord C) Cranial nerves D) Cerebellum
C) Cranial nerves
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the PNS? A) 12 B) 24 C) 31 D) 46
C) 31
The sensory division of the PNS is also known as the: A) Efferent division B) Afferent division C) Motor division D) Autonomic division
B) Afferent division
The motor division of the PNS is divided into: A) Somatic and Sensory B) Somatic and Autonomic C) Autonomic and Sensory D) Sensory and Afferent
B) Somatic and Autonomic
The Somatic Nervous System controls: A) Involuntary movements B) Voluntary muscle movements C) Digestion D) Heart rate
B) Voluntary muscle movements
Which receptor detects pain? A) Mechanoreceptor B) Chemoreceptor C) Nociceptor D) Photoreceptor
C) Nociceptor
Which type of receptor is responsible for detecting changes in temperature? A) Photoreceptor B) Thermoreceptor C) Chemoreceptor D) Proprioceptor
B) Thermoreceptor
What do exteroceptors respond to? A) Internal organ stimuli B) External stimuli C) Position and movement D) Pain only
B) External stimuli
Which receptor is located in the basal layer of the epidermis and detects light pressure? A) Merkel discs B) Ruffini endings C) Pacinian corpuscles D) Meissner’s corpuscles
A) Merkel discs
What do Meissner’s corpuscles detect? A) Deep pressure B) Light touch C) Vibration D) Stretch
B) Light touch
Which of the following receptors detects deep and continuous pressure? A) Merkel discs B) Meissner’s corpuscles C) Ruffini endings D) Nociceptors
C) Ruffini endings
The circuit level of neural integration involves: A) Sensory receptors B) Delivery of impulses to the cerebral cortex C) Reflex arcs D) Feature abstraction
B) Delivery of impulses to the cerebral cortex
What is perceptual detection? A) Ability to detect a stimulus has occurred B) Ability to identify the intensity of the stimulus C) Ability to determine the location of the stimulus D) Ability to recognise patterns
A) Ability to detect a stimulus has occurred
Which receptors adapt quickly to stimulus changes? A) Tonic receptors B) Phasic receptors C) Nociceptors D) Proprioceptors
B) Phasic receptors
What is the first step in a reflex arc? A) Motor neuron transmits signal B) Effector cells respond C) Integration in CNS D) Nociceptor senses stimulus
D) Nociceptor senses stimulus
Sharp pain is transmitted by: A) C fibres B) A delta fibres C) Non-myelinated fibres D) Nociceptors
B) A delta fibres
What neurotransmitters are involved in pain transmission? A) Dopamine and serotonin B) Endorphins and enkephalins C) Glutamate and substance P D) Acetylcholine and GABA
C) Glutamate and substance P
Which nerve controls diaphragm function? A) Median nerve B) Radial nerve C) Phrenic nerve D) Ulnar nerve
C) Phrenic nerve
What is the term for pain that is felt in an area other than its origin? A) Referred pain B) Phantom limb pain C) Hyperalgesia D) Chronic pain
A) Referred pain
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there? A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) 14
C) 12
Which cranial nerve is responsible for smell? A) Optic B) Olfactory C) Trigeminal D) Facial
B) Olfactory
Which cranial nerve controls lateral eye movement? A) Oculomotor B) Abducens C) Trochlear D) Optic
B) Abducens
Bell’s palsy affects which cranial nerve? A) Vagus B) Trigeminal C) Facial D) Hypoglossal
C) Facial
Which cranial nerve is involved in hearing and balance? A) Vestibulocochlear B) Vagus C) Glossopharyngeal D) Hypoglossal
A) Vestibulocochlear
Which nerve innervates the tongue for speech? A) Glossopharyngeal B) Hypoglossal C) Facial D) Vagus
B) Hypoglossal
The trigeminal nerve is responsible for: A) Vision B) Facial sensation and chewing C) Smell D) Balance
B) Facial sensation and chewing
Which of the following is an autonomic function of the vagus nerve? A) Hearing B) Taste C) Control of heart and digestive functions D) Eye movement
C) Control of heart and digestive functions
Which layer surrounds individual axons in a nerve? A) Epineurium B) Perineurium C) Endoneurium D) Fascicle
C) Endoneurium
Which nerve plexus innervates the upper limbs? A) Cervical B) Brachial C) Lumbar D) Sacral
B) Brachial
What is the largest nerve in the body? A) Radial nerve B) Median nerve C) Sciatic nerve D) Ulnar nerve
C) Sciatic nerve
Which plexus innervates the legs and feet? A) Cervical B) Lumbar C) Sacral D) Brachial
C) Sacral
Which nerve is often affected in carpal tunnel syndrome? A) Ulnar B) Radial C) Phrenic D) Median
D) Median
Which of the following describes hyperalgesia? A) Pain felt in another body region B) Long-lasting pain amplification C) Short-term sharp pain D) Complete numbness
B) Long-lasting pain amplification
Phantom limb pain can be reduced by: A) Using NSAIDs B) Blocking spinal pain pathways with an epidural C) Stretching exercises D) Surgery
B) Blocking spinal pain pathways with an epidural
Which of the following is the main neurotransmitter in the pain-suppressing system? A) Dopamine/serotonin B) Acetylcholine C) Endorphins/enkephalins D) Glutamate
C) Endorphins/enkephalins
Reflex arcs bypass which part of the nervous system? A) Spinal cord B) Brain C) Cranial nerves D) Peripheral nerves
B) Brain
What does the femoral nerve innervate? A) Diaphragm B) Anterior thigh muscles C) Facial muscles D) Back muscles
B) Anterior thigh muscles
Which layer of the nerve encloses fascicles? A) Epineurium B) Endoneurium C) Perineurium D) Myelin sheath
C) Perineurium
Which cranial nerve innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles? A) Hypoglossal B) Accessory C) Glossopharyngeal D) Trigeminal
B) Accessory
The sciatic nerve originates from which plexus? A) Lumbar B) Cervical C) Brachial D) Sacral
D) Sacral
Which cranial nerve carries taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue? A) Vagus B) Glossopharyngeal C) Facial D) Trigeminal
C) Facial
Which spinal nerve root carries motor signals? A) Dorsal B) Ventral C) Rami D) Trunk
B) Ventral
The optic nerve is responsible for: A) Smell B) Hearing C) Vision D) Taste
C) Vision
Which nerve controls muscles responsible for chewing? A) Vagus B) Trigeminal C) Facial D) Glossopharyngeal
B) Trigeminal
What type of receptors are involved in detecting muscle stretch? A) Mechanoreceptors B) Photoreceptors C) Proprioceptors D) Nociceptors
C) Proprioceptors
What type of sensory receptor is fast adapting and detects changes in the external environment? A) Tonic B) Phasic C) Nociceptors D) Proprioceptors
B) Phasic
Which cranial nerve controls pupil constriction and lens focusing? A) Abducens B) Optic C) Oculomotor D) Trochlear
C) Oculomotor
