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SBI172 > Week 12 - Special senses > Flashcards

Week 12 - Special senses Flashcards

1
Q
  1. The sense of vision is also called: a. Olfaction b. Gustation c. Audition d. Sight
A

d. Sight

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2
Q
  1. The white part of the eye is known as the: a. Cornea b. Retina c. Sclera d. Pupil
A

c. Sclera

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3
Q
  1. The transparent layer at the front of the eye that helps to focus light is the: a. Retina b. Lens c. Iris d. Cornea
A

d. Cornea

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4
Q
  1. The coloured part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil is the: a. Lens b. Iris c. Retina d. Cornea
A

b. Iris

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5
Q
  1. The opening in the centre of the iris that allows light to enter the eye is the: a. Pupil b. Sclera c. Lens d. Fovea
A

a. Pupil

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6
Q
  1. The structure responsible for focusing light onto the retina is the: a. Cornea b. Pupil c. Lens d. Sclera
A

c. Lens

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7
Q
  1. The part of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells is the: a. Iris b. Retina c. Sclera d. Lens
A

b. Retina

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8
Q
  1. Rod cells are responsible for: a. Colour vision b. Low-light vision c. Sharp, detailed vision d. None of the above
A

b. Low-light vision

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9
Q
  1. Cone cells are responsible for: a. Low-light vision b. Black-and-white vision c. Colour vision d. Peripheral vision
A

c. Colour vision

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10
Q
  1. The area of the retina with the highest concentration of cones is the: a. Optic disc b. Fovea centralis c. Macula lutea d. Sclera
A

b. Fovea centralis

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11
Q
  1. The blind spot of the eye is located at the: a. Fovea centralis b. Optic disc c. Sclera d. Retina
A

b. Optic disc

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12
Q
  1. Which structure connects the eye to the brain? a. Optic nerve b. Olfactory nerve c. Cochlear nerve d. Vestibular nerve
A

a. Optic nerve

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13
Q
  1. The vitreous humour is found in which part of the eye? a. Anterior chamber b. Posterior segment c. Vitreous chamber d. Aqueous chamber
A

b. Posterior segment

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14
Q
  1. The aqueous humour is produced by the: a. Ciliary body b. Ciliary processes c. Iris d. Sclera
A

b. Ciliary processes

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15
Q
  1. Which structure helps maintain intraocular pressure in the eye? a. Cornea b. Aqueous humour c. Optic nerve d. Lens
A

b. Aqueous humour

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16
Q
  1. The process of adjusting the shape of the lens for focusing is called: a. Refraction b. Accommodation c. Constriction d. Convergence
A

b. Accommodation

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17
Q
  1. The point where the optic nerves cross is called the: a. Optic disc b. Fovea centralis c. Optic chiasm d. Macula lutea
A

c. Optic chiasm

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18
Q
  1. Which photoreceptors are more sensitive to dim light? a. Rods b. Cones c. Bipolar cells d. Ganglion cells
A

a. Rods

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19
Q
  1. What type of lens is used to correct myopia (nearsightedness)? a. Convex lens b. Concave lens c. Cylindrical lens d. Spherical lens
A

b. Concave lens

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20
Q
  1. Which part of the brain processes visual information? a. Occipital lobe b. Parietal lobe c. Temporal lobe d. Frontal lobe
A

a. Occipital lobe

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21
Q
  1. Which condition results from increased intraocular pressure? a. Cataract b. Glaucoma c. Macular degeneration d. Astigmatism
A

b. Glaucoma

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22
Q
  1. The photoreceptors responsible for colour vision are: a. Rods b. Cones c. Ganglion cells d. Bipolar cells
A

b. Cones

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23
Q
  1. The adjustable structure behind the pupil that focuses light is the: a. Iris b. Retina c. Lens d. Cornea
A

c. Lens

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24
Q
  1. The condition in which the cornea is irregularly shaped, leading to distorted vision, is called: a. Astigmatism b. Myopia c. Hyperopia d. Glaucoma
A

a. Astigmatism

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25
Q
  1. Which cells in the retina detect black, white, and shades of grey? a. Rod cells b. Cone cells c. Bipolar cells d. Horizontal cells
A

a. Rod cells

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26
Q
  1. The fovea centralis is important for: a. Peripheral vision b. Colour vision c. Night vision d. Blurred vision
A

b. Colour vision

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27
Q
  1. Hyperopia, or farsightedness, occurs when: a. The eyeball is too long b. The eyeball is too short c. The cornea is misshapen d. There is pressure in the eye
A

b. The eyeball is too short

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28
Q
  1. Colour blindness is caused by a deficiency in which type of photoreceptor? a. Rods b. Cones c. Bipolar cells d. Ganglion cells
A

b. Cones

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29
Q
  1. What is the main function of the optic nerve? a. To interpret visual signals b. To focus light on the retina c. To transmit visual information to the brain d. To regulate the amount of light entering the eye
A

c. To transmit visual information to the brain

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30
Q
  1. When the eye focuses on a close object, the lens becomes: a. Thinner b. Thicker c. Longer d. Shorter
A

b. Thicker

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31
Q
  1. Presbyopia is a condition associated with: a. Ageing b. Injury c. Infection d. Congenital defects
A

a. Ageing

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32
Q
  1. The condition in which the lens becomes cloudy and affects vision is called: a. Glaucoma b. Cataract c. Myopia d. Astigmatism
A

b. Cataract

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33
Q
  1. The small central pit in the retina responsible for high-acuity vision is the: a. Optic disc b. Fovea centralis c. Sclera d. Cornea
A

b. Fovea centralis

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34
Q
  1. What part of the eye adjusts to control the amount of light entering? a. Iris b. Retina c. Lens d. Sclera
A

a. Iris

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35
Q
  1. Which part of the eye is transparent and allows light to pass through while maintaining its shape? a. Sclera b. Cornea c. Retina d. Lens
A

b. Cornea

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36
Q
  1. Which part of the retina is responsible for the sharpest vision? a. Macula b. Optic disc c. Rod cells d. Sclera
A

a. Macula

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37
Q
  1. Which fluid fills the anterior chamber of the eye? a. Vitreous humour b. Endolymph c. Aqueous humour d. Perilymph
A

c. Aqueous humour

38
Q
  1. The ciliary muscles control: a. Pupil size b. Lens shape c. Cornea transparency d. Retina health
A

b. Lens shape

39
Q
  1. What structure connects the lens to the ciliary body? a. Suspensory ligaments b. Sclera c. Retina d. Optic nerve
A

a. Suspensory ligaments

40
Q
  1. In the visual pathway, where does the optic tract lead? a. Thalamus b. Occipital lobe c. Temporal lobe d. Midbrain
A

a. Thalamus

41
Q
  1. The sense of smell is also known as: a. Gustation b. Olfaction c. Audition d. Proprioception
A

b. Olfaction

42
Q
  1. The olfactory epithelium is located in which part of the nasal cavity? a. Inferior b. Lateral c. Medial d. Superior
A

d. Superior

43
Q
  1. Olfactory receptor cells are: a. Unipolar neurons b. Bipolar neurons c. Multipolar neurons d. Neuroglia
A

b. Bipolar neurons

44
Q
  1. The olfactory nerve (Cranial Nerve I) transmits information directly to which brain structure? a. Thalamus b. Hypothalamus c. Olfactory cortex d. Brainstem
A

c. Olfactory cortex

45
Q
  1. The bone structure that allows olfactory nerve fibers to pass through from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb is the: a. Nasal bone b. Cribriform plate c. Maxilla d. Vomer
A

b. Cribriform plate

Of the ethmoid bone

46
Q
  1. The olfactory tract carries sensory information to the: a. Primary olfactory cortex b. Gustatory cortex c. Occipital lobe d. Cerebellum
A

a. Primary olfactory cortex

47
Q
  1. The sense of smell can influence which other sense? a. Taste b. Hearing c. Vision d. Balance
48
Q
  1. The olfactory pathway bypasses which brain structure typically involved in sensory processing? a. Thalamus b. Hypothalamus c. Pons d. Medulla oblongata
A

a. Thalamus

49
Q
  1. What type of receptors are olfactory receptors? a. Mechanoreceptors b. Photoreceptors c. Chemoreceptors d. Thermoreceptors
A

c. Chemoreceptors

50
Q
  1. How often are olfactory receptor neurons replaced? a. Every 1-2 days b. Every 1-2 weeks c. Every 1-2 months d. Never
A

c. Every 1-2 months

51
Q
  1. The process by which we detect smells is initiated when odour molecules: a. Dissolve in mucus and bind to receptors b. Are absorbed directly into the bloodstream c. Enter the lungs d. Activate the taste buds
A

a. Dissolve in mucus and bind to receptors

52
Q
  1. The limbic system, which is involved in emotional responses, is linked to the sense of: a. Sight b. Hearing c. Smell d. Balance
53
Q
  1. The condition in which the sense of smell is lost is called: a. Anosmia b. Hyposmia c. Dysosmia d. Ageusia
A

a. Anosmia

54
Q
  1. Which brain structure processes emotional and memory-related aspects of smell? a. Thalamus b. Amygdala c. Cerebellum d. Pons
A

b. Amygdala

55
Q
  1. The primary auditory cortex is located in which lobe of the brain? a. Frontal lobe b. Temporal lobe c. Parietal lobe d. Occipital lobe
A

b. Temporal lobe

56
Q
  1. The external part of the ear that helps collect sound waves is called the: a. Tympanic membrane b. Auricle (pinna) c. Cochlea d. Eustachian tube
A

b. Auricle (pinna)

57
Q
  1. The three small bones in the middle ear are called the: a. Ossicles b. Semicircular canals c. Auditory nerves d. Vestibules
A

a. Ossicles

Malleus, Incus and Stapes

58
Q
  1. The ossicle that directly contacts the tympanic membrane is the: a. Stapes b. Malleus c. Incus d. Cochlea
A

b. Malleus

59
Q
  1. The spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear responsible for detecting sound vibrations is the: a. Cochlea b. Semicircular canal c. Vestibule d. Tympanic membrane
A

a. Cochlea

60
Q
  1. Which structure in the cochlea contains hair cells that transduce sound vibrations into nerve impulses? a. Organ of Corti b. Scala vestibuli c. Vestibule d. Tympanic membrane
A

a. Organ of Corti

61
Q
  1. What is the name of the tube that helps equalise pressure in the middle ear? a. Pharyngotympanic tube b. Auditory canal c. Cochlear duct d. Round window
A

a. Pharyngotympanic tube

AKA Eustachian tube / auditory tube

62
Q
  1. The sense of balance is also known as: a. Audition b. Olfaction c. Gustation d. Equilibrium
A

d. Equilibrium

63
Q
  1. Which structures in the inner ear are primarily responsible for maintaining balance? a. Ossicles b. Semicircular canals c. Cochlea d. Organ of Corti
A

b. Semicircular canals

64
Q
  1. The sensory receptors for dynamic equilibrium are located in the: a. Cochlea b. Semicircular canals c. Tympanic membrane d. Auricle
A

b. Semicircular canals

65
Q
  1. Which part of the vestibular system detects linear acceleration? a. Utricle and saccule b. Semicircular canals c. Cochlea d. Ossicles
A

a. Utricle and saccule

66
Q
  1. In the auditory pathway, the cochlear nerve transmits signals to the: a. Cerebellum b. Occipital lobe c. Medulla oblongata d. Primary auditory cortex
A

d. Primary auditory cortex

67
Q
  1. Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing? a. Optic nerve b. Facial nerve c. Vestibulocochlear nerve d. Trigeminal nerve
A

c. Vestibulocochlear nerve

68
Q
  1. The structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear is the: a. Eustachian tube b. Tympanic membrane c. Cochlea d. Semicircular canals
A

b. Tympanic membrane

69
Q
  1. Which part of the ear amplifies sound vibrations? a. Outer ear b. Cochlea c. Middle ear d. Auditory nerve
A

c. Middle ear

70
Q
  1. The hair cells responsible for detecting sound are located in the: a. Semicircular canals b. Organ of Corti c. Tympanic membrane d. Eustachian tube
A

b. Organ of Corti

71
Q
  1. What fluid is found within the cochlea? a. Perilymph and endolymph b. Aqueous humour c. Vitreous humour d. Synovial fluid
A

a. Perilymph and endolymph

72
Q
  1. What is the name of the structure that transmits vibrations from the stapes to the cochlea? a. Tympanic membrane b. Round window c. Oval window d. Eustachian tube
A

c. Oval window

73
Q
  1. The sense of balance relies heavily on information from the: a. Cochlea b. Semicircular canals c. Eustachian tube d. Tympanic membrane
A

b. Semicircular canals

74
Q
  1. The movement of which structure causes the hair cells in the cochlea to bend and generate nerve impulses? a. Tectorial membrane b. Tympanic membrane c. Basilar membrane d. Eustachian tube
A

c. Basilar membrane

75
Q
  1. The auditory ossicles are found in the: a. Inner ear b. Outer ear c. Middle ear d. Cochlea
A

c. Middle ear

76
Q
  1. The portion of the ear responsible for detecting changes in head position and linear acceleration is the: a. Utricle and saccule b. Cochlea c. Tympanic membrane d. Organ of Corti
A

a. Utricle and saccule

77
Q
  1. Which structure in the ear helps with pressure regulation between the middle ear and the throat? a. Cochlea b. Eustachian tube c. Tympanic membrane d. Utricle
A

b. Eustachian tube

78
Q
  1. The spiral organ of Corti is located within which part of the ear? a. Vestibule b. Semicircular canals c. Cochlea d. Auricle
A

c. Cochlea

79
Q
  1. Which type of equilibrium detects rotational movements of the head? a. Static equilibrium b. Dynamic equilibrium c. Linear equilibrium d. Angular equilibrium
A

b. Dynamic equilibrium

80
Q
  1. The maculae found in the vestibule are responsible for detecting: a. Light b. Smells c. Linear acceleration and head position d. Sound vibrations
A

c. Linear acceleration and head position

81
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT part of the auditory pathway? a. Cochlear nerve b. Optic nerve c. Thalamus d. Primary auditory cortex
A

b. Optic nerve

82
Q
  1. The semicircular canals are filled with which type of fluid? a. Perilymph b. Endolymph c. Vitreous humour d. Synovial fluid
A

b. Endolymph

83
Q
  1. Which type of receptor detects sound in the cochlea? a. Mechanoreceptors b. Chemoreceptors c. Photoreceptors d. Nociceptors
A

a. Mechanoreceptors

84
Q
  1. The auditory cortex is found in which part of the brain? a. Frontal lobe b. Temporal lobe c. Occipital lobe d. Parietal lobe
A

b. Temporal lobe

85
Q
  1. The hair cells responsible for hearing are located on the: a. Vestibule b. Basilar membrane c. Tectorial membrane d. Semicircular canals
A

b. Basilar membrane

86
Q
  1. Which structure in the vestibular system detects rotational movements? a. Cochlea b. Utricle c. Semicircular canals d. Ossicles
A

c. Semicircular canals

87
Q
  1. Sound waves travel through the outer ear and cause which structure to vibrate? a. Cochlea b. Tympanic membrane c. Ossicles d. Eustachian tube
A

b. Tympanic membrane

88
Q
  1. Which part of the ear contains the receptors that help maintain balance during movement? a. Cochlea b. Semicircular canals c. Ossicles d. Auditory canal
A

b. Semicircular canals

89
Q
  1. The vestibular nerve transmits signals to which brain region responsible for balance? a. Occipital lobe b. Cerebellum c. Frontal lobe d. Parietal lobe
A

b. Cerebellum

90
Q
  1. Which of the following structures is essential for detecting sound vibrations? a. Tympanic membrane b. Semicircular canals c. Utricle and saccule d. Vestibule
A

a. Tympanic membrane

91
Q
  1. The fluid-filled tubes that help detect motion in the vestibular system are the: a. Eustachian tubes b. Semicircular canals c. Cochlear ducts d. Utricles
A

b. Semicircular canals

SBI172 (11 decks)

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