week 8 immunity Flashcards
what is innate
non specific components ( cellular or chemical)
what is adaptive
specific cellular or chemical component
2 arts of adaptive immune system
cell-mediated and humoral
what is the cells called which kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells in adaptive component
T CELLS
what is the humoral cell which kill bacteria and virus and tissue repair
b cells - produce antibodies and complement cascade
what is the innate cell mediated cell which kill virus and tissue repair
neutrophils monocytes
what type of innate cell is cell mediated and kills tumors
natural killer cells
what does the skin do
stops microbes before infection - the physical barrier
other examples of physical barriers
saliva, mucosal membranes, stomach acid, gut barrier, flushing of urine, tears and coughing and sneezing
whats another name for a leukocyte
white blood cell
what are the 2 types of lymphocytes
T and b cells
monocytes are what in the blood and do what
3-9% and consume microbes
what makes up 60% of the blood
neutrophils
what are neutrophils
an innate - rapid responder to infection and stress and eat/ engulf phagocytes and kill using toxic molecules
what is a phagocytes
microbe
what is a natural killer
innate, destroy cancer and viruses using cytokines
what proteins travel as inactive proteins in the blood from the liver
complement proteins
what do complement proteins recruit
phagocytes to site vai chemical gradients
cytokines are released from where
innate immune cells to coordinate immune response
dendric cells process parts of foreign bodies and present the antigen to what cells
T and B cells
T and b cells are types of what cells
lymphocytes
B cells are humoral or cell mediated
humoral
T cells are cell mediated or humoral
cell mediated
b cells come from where
bone marrow
what can b cells do
differentiate into different plasma cells and make antibodies
what do t cells release
cytokines - kill virus
t and b cells are specific and have …
memories and can reencounter antigens - like a vaccine
60-70% of t cells are what
helper cells
what do helper cells do
coordinate immune responses by recruiting other t and b cells for damage or infection sites
what percent of t cells are cytotoxic t cells
30-40%
what do cytoxic t cells do
identify antigens and infected and tumor cells
how do we measure immune function
movement of immune cells towards bacteria or virus
the release of molecules reflecting immune response with antimicrobial properties example
saliva with enzymes - phagocytosis - isozyme
what is phagocytosis
ingestion of bacteria or virus by phagocytes
exercise evokes a ,marked immune response causing what
increase leukocytes in blood and there is an increase post exercise
exercise increases shear stress, sympathetic drive and epe as well as what blood flow control
vasoconstriction
exercise induces a strong innate immune response involving what cells
monocytes, neutrophils and macrophages
what do neutrophils release
proteins and they terminate muscle repair
how do the nuetrophils proteins terminate muscle repair
movement of immune cells, anti microbial defense and muscle fiber breakdown and regen
5 effects post exercise on immune system
infections, severity, decrease
anti body production, wound healing, surveillance of canc er and response to vaccines increase
indirect improvements of immunity lead to
decrease in weight loss - adipose tissue and less inflammation as well as improved vascular health
exercise for elderly decreases
natural decline
exercise helps which elderly functions
auto immune, cv , neuro and metabolic
tumor growth and exercise are linked yes or no
yes
under and over training impact immune system yes or no
yes
