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Physiology > week 5 cardiac > Flashcards

week 5 cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

what do these three tissues compose- epicardium - outer
myocardium- middle muscle - endo cardium - inner

A

the heart wall

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2
Q

damage to the heart muscle caused by loss of blood means a block in what

A

arteries

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3
Q

blockages result in what

A

damaged cells

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4
Q

exercise training protects the heart against what

A

MI - heart attack - myocardial infarction

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5
Q

blood comes from where

A

superior vena cava

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6
Q

myocardium helps with muscle contraction of

A

the heart

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7
Q

which is the first valve before on right side

A

tricuspid

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8
Q

myocardium has what type of tissue

A

connective

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9
Q

what does the myocardium do

A

provides muscular contractions that eject blood from the chamber

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10
Q

what does the epicardium do

A

serves as lubricates outer covering

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11
Q

what does the endocardium do

A

serves as a protective inner lining of chambers and valves

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12
Q

disks in the heart allows what

A

cardiac muscle together

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13
Q

heart muscle has what kind of nuclei

A

single

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14
Q

heart muscle fibres are shorter and branched why

A

smoother movement for heart beat

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15
Q

what type of energy does the heart use

A

aerobic

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16
Q

where does the calcium come from

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum and extracellular

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17
Q

electrical contraction depend on what

A

stimulation of the myocardium

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18
Q

Sa node initiates what

A

depolarization

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19
Q

AV node does what

A

passes depolarization to ventricles - allowing V filling

20
Q

what do bundle branches do

A

connect atria left and right too bundle of his

21
Q

what do purkinje fibres do

A

spread a wave of depolarization throughout the ventricles

22
Q

what is the T wave in ecg

A

ventricular repolarization

23
Q

what is the p wave in the ecg

A

atrial depolarization

24
Q

what is the QRS

A

ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization

25
Q

ventricular pressure rises as what contracts

A

ventricles

25
Q

what is the intrinsic pacemaker base

A

100 bpm

26
Q

maximal cardiac output will increase - what will increase

A

oxygen consumption for muscles

27
Q

cardiac output and oxygen consumption is higher in athletes compared to

A

sedentary people

28
Q

2 ways blood flow changes for exercise -

A

cardiac output increases
redistribution of blood from inactive organs

29
Q

cardiac output is ….. proportional to the metabolic rate required to perform the exercise

A

directionally

30
Q

equation for cardiac output

A

SV X HR

31
Q

What is edv

A

end-diastolic volume

32
Q

what is edv ( preload)

A

volume of blood after preload and venous return

33
Q

what is average blood pressure

A

pressure the heart must pump against to eject blood - map

34
Q

starlings law is

A

elastic band theory

35
Q

what factors regulate Cardiac output

A

nerves - para and sympathetic
contraction strength
stretch
map

36
Q

how does cv system help aerobic performance

A

c output increases, o2 consumption will also increase to support the body and muscles demand for o2

37
Q

during exercise increase in metabolic pathway need for what

A

oxygen and blood flow delivery to muscles

38
Q

c output is directly proportional to the

A

metabolic rate required to perofm exercise

39
Q

when will hr platue

A

40% vo2 max stroke volume

40
Q

rest phase is the what

A

filling of the ventricles

41
Q

volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of the diastole is the

A

pre load

42
Q

hr is influcned by the what

A

diet, symp nerves and contractility

43
Q

double product is what

A

HR X systolic Bp

44
Q

what is myocardial workload

A

how hard the heart works

45
Q

does stroke volume paltue in runners

A

in elite there is no plateau

Physiology (18 decks)

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