Week 8

Question 1

Define Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint

Answer 1

• Is one of four joints that comprises the shoulder complex. Formed by the junction of the lateral clavicle and the acromion process of the scapula. Synovial joint
• joint to clavicle and acromion

Question 2

Define glenohumeral joint

Answer 2

• Is a ball and socket joint between the scapula and the humerus

Question 3

What 4 muscles are responsible for elevation and depression of the scapula

Answer 3

• Upper trapezius
  
  • Levator scapula
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Lower trapezius

Question 4

what 2 muscles are responsible for adduction and abduction of the scapula

Answer 4

• Trapezius rhomboids

Serratus anterior

Question 5

what 6 muscles are responsible for inward and outward rotation of the scapula

Answer 5

• Trapezius upper
  
  • Serratus anterior
  • Rhomboids
  • Levator scapula
  • Pectoralis minor
  • Trapezius lower

Question 6

what are the prime movers in shoulder abduction

Answer 6

Deltoid, supraspinatus

Question 7

Define scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 7

the coordinated motion of the scapula and humerus experienced during shoulder movement

Question 8

Explain first stage of scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 8

First 30 degrees, movement only occurs in humerus

Question 9

Explain second stage of scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 9

humerus abducts 40 and scapula 20 degrees. This is known as a 2 to 1 ratio

Question 10

Explain third stage of scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 10

Humerus abducts a further 40 and scapula 20. Movement beyond this only occurs at humerus

Question 11

What are the prime mover muscles for shoulder adduction

Answer 11

Lats, teres major, sternal pectoralis major

Question 12

What scapula movements occur during shoulder adduction

Answer 12

Retraction (internal rotation), depression

Question 13

What are the prime mover muscles in shoulder flexion

Answer 13

Anterior deltoid, clavicular pectoralis major

Question 14

What are the prime mover muscles in shoulder extension

Answer 14

Lats, teres major, sternal pec. Major, posterior deltoid

Question 15

What are the prime mover muscles in horizontal flexion of the shoulder

Answer 15

Pect major, anterior deltoid

Question 16

What are the prime mover muscles in Horizontal extension of the shoulder

Answer 16

Posterior deltoid, teres major, infraspinatus

Question 17

What muscles are responsible for internal rotation of the shoulder

Answer 17

• Pectoralis major
  
  • Anterior deltoid
  • Subscapularis
  • Lats
  • Teres major

Question 18

What muscles are responsible for external rotation of the shoulder

Answer 18

• Teres minor
  
  • Posterior deltoid
  • Infraspinatus

Question 19

Common shoulder injuries

Answer 19

• AC joint separation
  
  • Clavicle fracture
  • GH subluxation, anterior GH dislocation
  • Impingement syndrome
  • Rotator cuff tears
    Biceps tendonitis, rupture or subluxation