Week 6 Flashcards
Adding sarcomere in-series results in extra force, T or F
False
- more room for excursion
one sarcomere in series is as strong as?
Two
Adding more sarcomeres in parallel increases force, T or F
T
- Also allows more muscle fibres along the aponeurosis
4 effects of in-series sarcomeres
- Adding in sarcomeres allows them to shorten a lesser amount in the same time frame
- No change to ECC force or velocity
- No change to isometric force and velocity
- Increase in concentric force and velocity
4 effects on in-parallel series
- Increase in eccentric force and velocity
- Increase in isometric force
- Increase in concentric force
- More in parallel allows for more force
What are the 6 muscle shapes
Strap-like Fusiform Unipennate Bipennate Radiate or triangular Multipennate
Define strap-like
Same thickness all the way along
Define fusiform
Fusions to form one muscle e.g. Biceps
Define Unipennate
Common in leg and forearm. Run at certain angle regards to the tendon
Define bipennate
Tendon in the middle. Muscle fibres arose from it
Define radiate or triangular
Triangular, or sheet shaped. Shoulder, chest
Define multipennate
A muscle with several tendons of origin and several tendons of insertion
Define Anatomical-cross-section-area (ACSA)
90 degrees to muscle long axis
Define Physiological-cross-section-area (PSCA)
90 degrees to muscle fibres long axis
Pennate muscles allow extra …. without increasing muscle ……
PCSA
ACSA
Force tendon equation
Ffibre x cos angle
fusiform and strap-like muscles can shorten significantly more then the average muscle, T or F
True
Why do pennate muscles contract rapidly
Less sarcomeres in series
Longer fascicles = less risk of what
Injury
Training increase pennation … what
Angle
Define in-series sarcomere
sarcomeres are on top of each other, inferior and superior
Define parallel sarcomere
Sarcomeres are next each other, run parallel
What will adding sarcomeres in-series do
Longer muscles with more sarcomeres in series have greater potential for fast contractions
Sarcomeres in-series form what
Myobrils
Sarcomeres in parallel form what
Muscle cell or muscle fiber
