Week 2

Question 1

What do muscles do>

Answer 1

Muscle develop tension and shorten or attempt to shorten

Question 2

what creates joint torque

Answer 2

Muscle force

Question 3

Define resistance to movement

Answer 3

Muscles need to overcome resistances, both internal and external

Question 4

Lifting is initiated when?

Answer 4

Tm (Moment arm torque) > Tr (Resistance torque)

Question 5

Lowering is initiated when?

Answer 5

Tm < Tr

Question 6

Define concentric

Answer 6

active shortening actions, muscles develop tension and shorten

Question 7

Define eccentric

Answer 7

Active lengthening actions, muscles develop tension but lengthen

Question 8

Define isometric

Answer 8

Remaining the same, muscles develop tension but remain at the same length

Question 9

When does concentric and eccentric occur

Answer 9

Concentric - when we lift loads or accelerate a limb

Eccentric - when we lower or decelerate a limb

Question 10

Define agonist

Answer 10

The contracting muscles that cause the movement to occur

Question 11

Define antagonist

Answer 11

The muscle that act in opposition to the movement generated by the agonists, and are responsible for returning a limb to its initial position

Question 12

When active, muscles tend to…?

Answer 12

Carry out all their actions

Question 13

What a muscle can do is no indication of what it will do, True or False?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Define prime movers

Answer 14

The most effective muscles in a movement

Question 15

Define assistant movers

Answer 15

Less effective muscle that help out during a movement

Question 16

Define stabilisers (fixators)

Answer 16

• Muscles acting isometric activity to stiffen joints and prevent unwanted movement

Question 17

Define helping synergy

Answer 17

Muscles with one common and one antagonistic action act together (to create the common action)

Question 18

Define true synergy

Answer 18

• One action of a 2 - joint muscle is prevented by a single joint muscle

Question 19

Muscle activation pattern depends on….?

Answer 19

Movement velocity

Question 20

Define ballistic movement

Answer 20

A movement that is carried out quickly

Question 21

Acceleration is?

Answer 21

concentric

Question 22

Deceleration is?

Answer 22

Eccentric

Question 23

Define stretch shorten cycle

Answer 23

The stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) refers to the muscle action when active muscle lengthening is immediately followed by active muscle shortening.

Question 24

SSC’S enhance what 4 things

Answer 24

Force
muscle shortening velocity
power
efficiency