Week 7: Vitamins and minerals Flashcards
Can vitamins be synthesised in the body?
No
What do many vitamins act as and why?
Coenzymes in energy metabolism
How many compounds are identified vitamins?
13
What are the two substances vitamins are soluble in?
Water
Fat
Do vitamins provide energy?
No
What are the two water-soluble vitamins?
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) B complex
What are the functions of the B complex?
Energy releasing
Hematopoietic
Other
How many B-vitamins are there?
12
What are B-vitamins needed for?
Cellular metabolism Formation of coenzymes Facilitates ATP resynthesis Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA Erythropoiesis
What are the functions of vitamin C (ascorbic acid)?
Synthesis
Catabolism (tyrosine)
Iron absorption
What are the effects if you have too much vitamins C?
Gi distress
Kidney oxalate stone formation
What are the effect if you have too little vitamin C?
Scurvy
Poor health
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
A
D
E
K
What are the functions of vitamin A?
Vision Cell differenetiation Immunity Reproduction Growth
Where is vitamin a stored?
In the liver
What happens if you are deficient in vitamin a?
Loss of vision
Night blindness
Skin problems
How is vitamin D synthesised?
Made in the skin from cholesterol
Activated in liver and kidney
What is V D essential for?
Healthy bones
Kidney
Intesine
What happens if you are deficient in V d?
Rickets
Osteomalacia
Osteoperosis
What happens if you have too much V d?
Hypercalcaemia/hypercalciuria
Bone demineralisation
What is the function of vitamin k?
Blood clotting
Formation of bone
What happens if you are deficient in V k?
Bloody vomit
Bleeding into joint capsules
Bruising or bleeding gums
What happens if you have to much V k?
Jaundice
Anaemia
Hyperbilrubemia
What are the functions of V e?
Selenium metabolism
Anti oxidant
