Week 7 Quiz Guide Flashcards
Chapters 15 & 16
What is Crohn’s Disease?
Crohn’s is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Crohn’s causes the lining of the digestive tract to become inflamed.
Symptoms: diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal cramping and pain, fever, weight loss
Treatments: dependent on severity of symptoms
medications, dietary changes, and stopping smoking. hospitalization and surgery in extreme cases
What is Ulcerative Colitis?
Ulcerative Colitis is a disorder that causes inflammation of and sores in the lining of the large intestine. It is a form of IBD.
Symptoms: diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramping, rectal bleeding, poor appetite, fever, weight loss
Treatments: medications, dietary changes, and surgery
What is GERD?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a chronic condition in which the liquid contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus.
Symptoms: Frequent heartburn, chest pain, hoarseness in the morning, difficulty swallowing, or a tightness in the throat.
Treatments: medication, losing weight, stopping smoking, not drinking alcohol, and avoidance of spicy or acidic foods.
What is Diverticulitis?
Diverticulitis is a disorder of the large intestine. Sac-like pouchings develop in weakened areas of the intestinal wall.
Signs and symptoms: abdominal pain and cramping, tenderness, constipation, diarrhea
Treatments: rest, medications, exercise, more fluids
What is an ostomy?
An ostomy is the surgical creation of an opening from an area inside the body to the outside. An ostomy may be necessary due to bowel diseases. They can be either permanent or temporary
Describe the CNA’s responsibilities in providing ostomy care:
Follow facility policy
Find out and follow the resident/patient preferences and routines for ostomy care–they may be independent
Provide careful skin care and ensure proper hygiene is being followed
Remove ostomy pouches carefully to avoid skin tearing
Before removing the pouch, let a little air out of the bag to relieve any built-up pressure
Observe and report any unusual contents within the bag to the nurse
Replace when stool is eliminated, if a leak occurs, and as directed
Assist with hand washing
Observe for skin breakdown and irritation
Use skin barriers as ordered
Ensure the bottom of the pouch is securely clamped before applying to the stoma–ensure pouch is attached securely
Be supportive, empathetic, and caring
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the condition in which all of the body’s systems are balanced and are working their best
What does “voiding” mean?
Voiding refers to the process of removing urine from the body
What are the normal qualities of urine?
Urine is normally light, pale yellow, or amber in color. Medications can affect color, along with certain foods
Urine should be clear or transparent and have a faint smell. Medications and certain foods can affect scent.
Adults usually produce approx. 1200 - 1500 mL of urine per day. Elderly adults may produce less urine
Normal urination should not be painful
What observations of urine should be immediately reported?
Cloudy urine
Dark or rust-colored urine
Strong, offensive, or fruity smelling urine
Pain, burning, or pressure when urinating
Blood, pus, mucus, or discharge in urine
Episodes of incontinence
Frequent voiding, voiding in small amounts
What are the common symptoms of UTIs in the elderly population?
Burning or pain with urination
Blood in the urine
Frequent or urgent urination
Confusion
Which gender is more susceptible to UTIs?
Women–this is due, in part, to the female urethra begin shorter than the male urethra. In addition, the location of the female urethra is located directly in front of the vagina and anus, which are potential sources of bacteria
What happens with kidneys during End Stage Renal Disease?
A person’s kidneys are no longer able to function properly in the removal body waste products. Dialysis care is necessary to perform this function
When are portable commodes appropriate?
