Week 2 Quiz Guide Flashcards
Chapters 6, 9, 13
What is systemic infection?
An infection that is in the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms.
What is localized infection?
An infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms.
What is healthcare associated infection (HAI) ?
An infection acquired within a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care for another condition.
What is cross-infection?
The physical movement or transfer of harmful bacteria from one person, object, or place to another, or from one part of the body to another.
What are Standard Precautions?
A method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease.
What is the most important thing the nursing assistant can do to prevent
the spread of infection?
Know and follow their facility’s policies relating to infection prevention.
What is considered hand hygiene?
Washing hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizer. NAs must wash their hands before and after giving resident care.
What is the proper way to put on PPE?
Wash your hands
Gown
Mask / Respirator
Goggles / Face shield
Gloves
How do droplets travel?
Droplets travel in the air. Talking, singing, sneezing, laughing, breathing, or coughing can spread droplets.
What OSHA stand for?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration. OSHA sets standards of safety for protecting workers from occupational hazards.
How are bloodborne diseases transmitted?
Bloodborne pathogens are transmitted when infected blood enters the bloodstream, or if infected semen or vaginal secretions contact mucous membranes. Having sexual contact can also transmit the disease.
How can CNAs make a positive impact on families visiting a facility?
Through the performance of their duties, CNAs create a healthy and safe environment. This can be assuring to visiting families that their loved ones are being cared for appropriately.
Why is it difficult for residents to adjust to life in a LTC facility?
Residents have had to make significant life-changes leading up to their move into the facility. Leaving behind belongings, their homes, family members, and other comforts can cause understandable fear, anger, and uncertainty. Additionally, they may have health problems which are impacting their sense of well-being or daily challenges with ADLs.
What is abdominal girth?
Abdominal girth is the measurement of distance around the abdomen at a specific point.
What is a contracture?
A contracture is the permanent and painful shortening of a muscle, tendon, or ligament.
What is the sternal notch?
The sternal notch is the visible dip in-between the neck, between the clavicles, and above the manubrium of the sternum.
What is demi-span?
Demi-span is the distance between the mid-point of the sternal notch and the finger roots with the arm outstretched laterally.
What should you do if a patient is trying to leave AMA?
Communicate and inform the resident that a formal process must be followed, which includes signing a form(s), that affirms they understand the risks and have been appropriately informed. THE NA MUST NOTIFY THE CHARGE NURSE IMMEDIATELY.
When does the NA’s responsibility end when discharging a resident?
The NA is responsible for the resident until they are safely in the vehicle with their belongings and the doors of the vehicle are closed.
What are symptoms of a fever?
Headache
Fatigue
Muscle aches
Chills
Skin may be warm to the touch
Skin may be flushed
What is the placement for a temporal thermometer?
The probe on the thermometer is moved straight across the forehead to obtain a reading.
What is the placement for a tympanic thermometer?
A tympanic thermometer is used in the ear to obtain a reading.
What is the placement for a axillary thermometer?
The armpit.
What is the placement for a mercury thermometer?
Oral and rectal?
Where is the temporal pulse?
Forehead
Where is the carotid pulse?
Neck
Where is the apical pulse?
Chest
Where is the brachial pulse?
Upper arm
Where is the radial pulse?
Wrist
Where is the femoral pulse?
Upper leg
Where is the popliteal pulse?
Knee
Where is the pedal pulse?
Foot
What is the most common counting for pulse rate?
The radial pulse is the most common site for counting pulse beats.
What is eupnea?
Normal respirations
What is apnea?
Absence of breathing; may be temporary
What is dyspnea?
Difficulty breathing
What is tachypnea?
Rapid respirations
What is the normal range for blood pressure?
Systolic - 119mm or below
Diastolic - 79mm or below
What is the normal range for pulse?
60 - 100 BPM
What is the normal range for temperature?
97 - 98.6 degrees F
What is the normal range for respiration?
12 - 20 breaths per minute
What does diastolic mean in terms of blood pressure?
Diastolic is the bottom, lower number in the measurement and recording of blood pressure. This measures the pressure of the blood in the arteries when the heart is relaxed. This relaxation happens when the heart is not contracting, between the heartbeats.
What does systolic mean in terms of blood pressure?
Systolic is the top, larger number in the measurement and recording of blood pressure. This measures the pressure of the blood on the walls of the arteries when the heart is contracting to pump blood out from the left ventricle into the body.
What is hypertension?
Consistently elevated readings in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure.
What is hypotension?
Consistently low readings in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure.
What is tachycardia?
High pulse rate; consistently above 100 BPM
What is bradycardia?
Low pulse rate; consistently below 60 BPM
Why is monitoring pain important?
Monitoring pain is important as it can be an indicator of underlying conditions, change in status, and toward measuring overall progression/regression of care. Most importantly, it gives us direct information on how to provide better care and comfort for the patient/resident.
