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NUA1001 > Final Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

VS: Abnormal or normal?

BP 135/90
HR 120
RR 14

A

Abnormal

BP indicates hypertension
HR indicates tachycardia
RR is is normal

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1
Q

What is normal range for BP?

A

Systolic: 90 - 119
Diastolic: 60 - 79

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2
Q

What is the normal range for Pulse Rate?

A

60 - 100 BPM

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3
Q

What is the normal range for respiration rate?

A

12 - 20 breaths per minute

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4
Q

What is the normal range for body temperature?

A

97.8 - 99.1 degrees Fahrenheit

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5
Q

PT presents with BP 80/55

Is this normal?

A

No, this BP indicates hypotension

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6
Q

PT presents with BP 140/100

Is this normal?

A

No, this BP indicates hypertension

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7
Q

PT presents with HR 45 bpm

Is this normal?

A

No, this HR indicates bradycardia

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8
Q

PT presents with HR 80 bpm

Is this normal?

A

Yes

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9
Q

What can cause abnormal vital signs?

A

Medication, infection, disease, trauma, activity, diet, stress

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10
Q

Name each of the pulse sites:

A
  1. Temporal
  2. Carotid
  3. Apical
  4. Brachial
  5. Femoral
  6. Radial
  7. Dorsal
  8. N/A (Facial Artery)

Not pictured - Popliteal

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11
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Supine

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12
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Fowler’s

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13
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Prone

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14
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Lateral

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15
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Sim’s

16
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Lithotomy

17
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Trendelenburg

18
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Reverse Trendelenburg

19
Q

What is the name of this position?

A

Knee-chest

20
Q

How can you help communicate and orient a patient with visual impairment?

A

Speaking slowly and directly, orienting around the face of an imaginary clock. NA should be positioned at the side of the PT while assisting with ambulation

21
Q

How can you help communicate and orient a patient with hearing impairment?

A
22
Q

What is verbal communication?

A

Verbal communication utilizes words to share information. This includes written text and signs/symbols i.e. emoticons

23
Q

What is non-verbal communication?

A

Non-verbal communication does not utilize words to share information. Instead, body language and gestures are relied upon

24
Q

What is HIPAA?

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accessibility Act

HIPAA is a law that governs the handling and dissemination of individual health data. Under this law, the sharing of patient health information is strictly limited to staff who work directly with the patient or have a reasonable need to know certain information in order to deliver quality care.

25
Q

What is OSHA?

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

OSHA is a federal entity that establishes guidelines to ensure workers can operate and in a safe and healthy environment. Employers and their employees are expected to know and follow these protective guidelines to mitigate risk to the workplace environment, staff, clients, and the general public.

25
Q

What are Resident rights?

A

Resident rights are protections established by state and federal law that facilities must grant to their residents.

The resident has the right to: Be free from verbal, sexual, physical, and mental abuse, corporal punishment, involuntary seclusion, neglect, misappropriation of resident property and exploitation

26
Q

What are the five moments of hand hygiene?

A
  1. Before touching a patient
  2. Before a procedure
  3. After a procedure or body fluid exposure risk
  4. After touching a patient
  5. After touching a patient’s surroundings
27
Q

What are standard precautions?

A

Standard precautions are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous membranes.

All patients are treated with Standard precautions:

Hand hygiene, PPE, Respiratory hygiene, Sharps safety

28
Q

Describe the purpose of Airborne precautions and what special equipment is required to provide care:

A

Airborne precautions prevent the spread of pathogens that travel through the air after being expelled. They are carried by moisture, air current, and dust.

Example(s): COVID-19, TB

Equipment: AIIR, N95, negative pressure

29
Q

Describe the purpose of Droplet precautions and what special equipment is required to provide care:

A

Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are spread by droplets in the air. Droplets do not normally travel more than six feet.

Example: Influenza

Equipment: Surgical mask

30
Q

Describe the purpose of Contact precautions and what special equipment is required to provide care:

A

Contact precautions are used when a resident may spread an infection by direct contact with another person or object. Staff may spread the infection through contact with the person, their bodily fluids, and their belongings/supplies.

Example(s): Conjunctivitis, C. diff

Equipment: Hand hygiene (soap), gloves, gown, dedicated or single use supplies/tools

31
Q

What are common complications associated with immobility?

A

Muscular atrophy, contracture, skin breakdown, dehydration, malnutrition, poor vascular circulation

32
Q

How can you best maintain the skin integrity for a PT?

A

Hydration, nutrition, hygiene, grooming, moisturization (if ordered), positioning, ergonomics, ADL assistance (as needed)

33
Q

Hemiplegia v. quadriplegia v. paraplegia

A

Hemiplegia = paralysis affecting one side of the body e.g. arms, legs, facial muscles

Quadriplegia = paralysis of all four limbs

Paraplegia = paralysis of the lower body

34
Q

How can you best communicate with a PT that is agitated/aggressive?

A

Redirection, reduce distractions, stay calm, use a low and soothing voice, provide reassurance

35
Q

Hospice care v. palliative care

A

Hospice care = compassionate end of life care, typically ordered when a PT has less than six months to live
Goal - physical and emotional comfort, pain and symptom management, psychosocial care with help from friends and family

Palliative care = type of care that is provided for PT with serious, chronic diseases
Goal - pain and symptom management, mitigate complications, maintain QoL

36
Q

What are the five stages of grief?

A
  1. Denial
  2. Anger
  3. Bargaining
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance

NUA1001 (18 decks)

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